Form 20-F
Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 2011.

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010

 

Commission file number 333-08752

 

 

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Mexican Economic Development, Inc.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

 

United Mexican States

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

General Anaya No. 601 Pte.

Colonia Bella Vista

Monterrey, NL 64410 Mexico

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

Juan F. Fonseca

General Anaya No. 601 Pte.

Colonia Bella Vista

Monterrey, NL 64410 Mexico

(52-818) 328-6167

investor@femsa.com.mx

(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and

address of company contact person)

 

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class:

       

Name of each exchange on which registered

American Depositary Shares, each representing 10 BD Units, and each BD Unit consisting of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares, without par value      New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:

 

2,161,177,770    BD Units, each consisting of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares, without par value. The BD Units represent a total of 2,161,177,770 Series B Shares, 4,322,355,540 Series D-B Shares and 4,322,355,540 Series D-L Shares.
1,417,048,500    B Units, each consisting of five Series B Shares without par value. The B Units represent a total of 7,085,242,500 Series B Shares.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

x  Yes

   ¨  No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

¨  Yes

   x  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). N/A

 

¨  Yes

   ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be file by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

x  Yes

   ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large Accelerated filer  x

   Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

U.S. GAAP  ¨

   IFRS  ¨    Other  x

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

 

¨ Item 17

   x Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

¨ Yes

   x No

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page
INTRODUCTION    1
   References    1
   Currency Translations and Estimates    1
   Forward-Looking Information    1
ITEMS 1-2.    NOT APPLICABLE    2
ITEM 3.    KEY INFORMATION    2
   Selected Consolidated Financial Data    2
   Dividends    5
   Exchange Rate Information    7
   Risk Factors    8
ITEM 4.    INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY    18
   The Company    18
   Overview    18
   Corporate Background    18
   Ownership Structure    23
   Significant Subsidiaries    25
   Business Strategy    25
   Coca-Cola FEMSA    26
   FEMSA Comercio    42
   FEMSA Cerveza and Equity Method Investment in the Heineken Group    46
   Other Business    47
   Description of Property, Plant and Equipment    47
   Insurance    49
   Capital Expenditures and Divestitures    49
   Regulatory Matters    49
ITEM 4A.    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS    55
ITEM 5.    OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS    55
   Overview of Events, Trends and Uncertainties    55
   Recent Developments    55
   Operating Leverage    57
   New Accounting Pronouncements    60
   Operating Results    63
   Liquidity and Capital Resources    71
   U.S. GAAP Reconciliation    78
ITEM 6.    DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES    79
   Directors    79
   Senior Management    84
   Compensation of Directors and Senior Management    87
   EVA Stock Incentive Plan    87
   Insurance Policies    88
   Ownership by Management    88
   Board Practices    88

 

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   Employees      90   

ITEM 7.

   MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS      91   
   Major Shareholders      91   
   Related-Party Transactions      92   
   Voting Trust      92   
   Interest of Management in Certain Transactions      92   
   Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company      93   

ITEM 8.

   FINANCIAL INFORMATION      95   
   Consolidated Financial Statements      95   
   Dividend Policy      95   
   Legal Proceedings      95   
   Significant Changes      97   

ITEM 9.

   THE OFFER AND LISTING      97   
   Description of Securities      97   
   Trading Markets      98   
   Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange      98   
   Price History      99   

ITEM 10.

   ADDITIONAL INFORMATION      102   
   Bylaws      102   
   Taxation      108   
   Material Contracts      111   
   Documents on Display      117   

ITEM 11.

   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK      118   
   Interest Rate Risk      118   
   Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk      121   
   Equity Risk      124   
   Commodity Price Risk      124   
ITEM 12.    DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES      124   

ITEM 12A.

   DEBT SECURITIES      124   

ITEM 12B.

   WARRANTS AND RIGHTS      124   

ITEM 12C.

   OTHER SECURITIES      124   

ITEM 12D.

   AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES      124   
ITEMS 13-14.    NOT APPLICABLE      125   

ITEM 15.

   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES      125   

ITEM 16A.

   AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT      126   

ITEM 16B.

   CODE OF ETHICS      126   

ITEM 16C.

   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES      127   

 

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ITEM 16D.    NOT APPLICABLE      128   
ITEM 16E.    PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS      128   
ITEM 16F.    NOT APPLICABLE      129   
ITEM 16G.    CORPORATE GOVERNANCE      129   
ITEM 17.    NOT APPLICABLE      131   
ITEM 18.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS      131   
ITEM 19.    EXHIBITS      132   

 

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INTRODUCTION

This annual report contains information materially consistent with the information presented in the audited financial statements and is free of material misstatements of fact that are not material inconsistencies with the information in the audited financial statements.

References

The terms “FEMSA,” “our company,” “we,” “us” and “our,” are used in this annual report to refer to Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and, except where the context otherwise requires, its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. We refer to our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., as “Coca-Cola FEMSA,” and our subsidiary FEMSA Comercio, S.A. de C.V., as “FEMSA Comercio.”

The term “S.A.B.” stands for sociedad anónima bursátil, which is the term used in Mexico to denominate a publicly traded company under the Mexican Securities Market Law (Ley del Mercado de Valores), which we refer to as the Mexican Securities Law.

References to “U.S. dollars,” “US$,” “dollars” or “$” are to the lawful currency of the United States of America. References to “Mexican pesos,” “pesos” or “Ps.” are to the lawful currency of the United Mexican States, or Mexico.

Currency Translations and Estimates

This annual report contains translations of certain Mexican peso amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. These translations should not be construed as representations that the Mexican peso amounts actually represent such U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, such U.S. dollar amounts have been translated from Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps. 12.3825 to US$ 1.00, the noon buying rate for Mexican pesos on December 31, 2010, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. On May 31, 2011, this exchange rate was Ps. 11.5790 to US$ 1.00. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rate Information” for information regarding exchange rates since January 1, 2006.

To the extent estimates are contained in this annual report, we believe that such estimates, which are based on internal data, are reliable. Amounts in this annual report are rounded, and the totals may therefore not precisely equal the sum of the numbers presented.

Per capita growth rates and population data have been computed based upon statistics prepared by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática of Mexico (National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Information, which we refer to as the Mexican Institute of Statistics), the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the U.S. Federal Reserve Board and Banco de México (Bank of Mexico), local entities in each country and upon our estimates.

Forward-Looking Information

This annual report contains words, such as “believe,” “expect” and “anticipate” and similar expressions that identify forward-looking statements. Use of these words reflects our views about future events and financial performance. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors that may be beyond our control, including but not limited to effects on our company from changes in our relationship with or among our affiliated companies, movements in the prices of raw materials, competition, significant developments in Mexico or international economic or political conditions or changes in our regulatory environment. Accordingly, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. In any event, these statements speak only as of their respective dates, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any of them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

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ITEMS 1-2. NOT APPLICABLE

 

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

This annual report includes, under Item 18, our audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Our audited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, or Mexican FRS, (Normas de Información Financiera or NIF), which differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP.

Notes 27 and 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements provide a description of the principal differences between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP as they relate to our company, together with a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income, comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity as well as U.S. GAAP consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income and cash flows for the same periods presented for Mexican FRS purposes and for the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. In the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP, we present our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA, which is a consolidated subsidiary for purposes of Mexican FRS, under the equity method for U.S. GAAP purposes, due to the substantive participating rights of The Coca-Cola Company as a minority shareholder in Coca-Cola FEMSA for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008.

On February 1, 2010, FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company signed an amendment to their Shareholders’ Agreement. As a result of this amendment, FEMSA began to consolidate Cola-Cola FEMSA for U.S. GAAP purposes on this date. See Note 27A to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Beginning on January 1, 2008, in accordance with changes to NIF B-10 under the Mexican FRS, we discontinued the use of inflation accounting for our subsidiaries that operate in “non-inflationary” countries where cumulative inflation for the three preceding years was less than 26%. Our subsidiaries in Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Colombia and Brazil operate in non-inflationary economic environments, therefore 2010, 2009 and 2008 figures reflect inflation effects only through 2007. Our subsidiaries in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Argentina operate in economic environments in which cumulative inflation during the same three-year period was 26% or greater, and we therefore continue recognizing inflationary accounting for 2010, 2009 and 2008. For comparison purposes, the figures prior to 2008 have been restated in Mexican pesos with purchasing power as of December 31, 2007, taking into account local inflation for each country with reference to the consumer price index. Local currencies have been converted into Mexican pesos using official exchange rates published by the local central bank of each country. Our subsidiary in the Euro Zone operated in a non-inflationary economic environment in 2010. See Note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

As a result of discontinuing inflationary accounting for subsidiaries that operate in non-inflationary economic environments, the financial statements are no longer considered to be presented in a reporting currency that comprehensively includes the effects of price level changes. Therefore, the inflationary effects of inflationary economic environments arising in 2008, 2009 and 2010 result in a difference that must be reconciled for U.S. GAAP purposes, except for Venezuela, which is considered to be a hyperinflationary environment since January 2010 and which inflationary effects have not been reversed under U.S. GAAP. See Notes 27 and 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in Heineken Holding N.V. and Heineken N.V., which, together with their respective subsidiaries, we refer to as Heineken or the Heineken Group. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza and Equity Method Investment in Heineken Group.” Under Mexican FRS, we have reclassified our audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the related consolidated statements of income and changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 to reflect FEMSA Cerveza, S.A. de C.V. (now Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V.), which we refer to as FEMSA Cerveza or Cuauhtemoc Moctezuma, as a discontinued

 

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operation. However, FEMSA Cerveza is not presented as a discontinued operation under U.S. GAAP. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—U.S. GAAP Reconciliation” and Notes 27 and 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

The following table presents selected financial information of our company. This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements. See “Item 18. Financial Statements.” The selected financial information is presented on a consolidated basis and is not necessarily indicative of our financial position or results from operations at or for any future date or period. Under Mexican FRS, FEMSA Cerveza figures for years prior to 2010 have been reclassified and presented as discontinued operations for comparison purposes to 2010 figures. See Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Under U.S. GAAP, FEMSA Cerveza figures are presented as a continuing operation.

 

     Selected Consolidated Financial Information
Year Ended December 31,
 
     2010(2)     2010     2009     2008     2007     2006  
    

(In millions of U.S. dollars and millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages, per

share data and weighted average number of shares outstanding)

 

Income Statement Data:

            

Mexican FRS:(1)

            

Total revenues

   $ 13,705      Ps .169,702      Ps. 160,251      Ps. 133,808      Ps. 114,459        Ps.102,870   

Income from operations(3)

     1,819        22,529        21,130        17,349        14,300        12,431   

Income taxes(4)

     457        5,671        4,959        3,108        3,931        3,091   

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

     1,451        17,961        11,799        7,630        8,438        6,685   

Income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net of taxes

     2,150        26,623        —          —          —          —     

Net income from discontinued operations

     57        706        3,283        1,648        3,498        3,175   

Consolidated net income

     3,658        45,290        15,082        9,278        11,936        9,860   

Net controlling interest income

     3,251        40,251        9,908        6,708        8,511        7,127   

Net non-controlling interest income

     407        5,039        5,174        2,570        3,425        2,733   

Net controlling interest income before discontinued operations:(5)

            

Per series “B” share

     0.05        0.64        0.33        0.25        0.25        0.20   

Per series “D” share

     0.07        0.81        0.42        0.32        0.32        0.24   

Net controlling income from discontinued operations:(5)

            

Per series “B” share

     0.11        1.37        0.16        0.08        0.17        0.16   

Per series “D” share

     0.14        1.70        0.20        0.10        0.21        0.20   

Net controlling interest income:(5)

            

Per Series B Share

     0.16        2.01        0.49        0.33        0.42        0.36   

Per Series D Share

     0.21        2.51        0.62        0.42        0.53        0.44   

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions):

            

Series B Shares

     9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4   

Series D Shares

     8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7   

Allocation of earnings:

            

Series B Shares

     46.11     46.11     46.11     46.11     46.11     46.11

Series D Shares

     53.89     53.89     53.89     53.89     53.89     53.89

U.S. GAAP:(6)

            

Total revenues

   $ 14,299      Ps. 177,053      Ps. 102,902      Ps. 91,650      Ps. 83,362        Ps. 75,704   

Income from operations

     1,715        21,235        8,661        7,881        7,667        7,821   

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s earnings(6)

     15        183        4,516        2,994        3,635        2,420   

 

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     Selected Consolidated Financial Information
Year Ended December 31,
 
     2010(2)     2010     2009     2008     2007     2006  
    

(In millions of U.S. dollars and millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages, per

share data and weighted average number of shares outstanding)

 

Consolidated net income

     5,831        72,204 (12)      10,685        6,599        8,589        6,804   

Less: Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest income

     (384     (4,759     (783     253        (32     169   

Net income attributable to controlling interest income

     5,447        67,445        9,902        6,852        8,557        6,973   

Net controlling interest income(5):

            

Per Series B Share

     0.27        3.36        0.49        0.34        0.43        0.35   

Per Series D Share

     0.34        4.20        0.62        0.43        0.53        0.43   

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions):

            

Series B Shares

     9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4        9,246.4   

Series D Shares

     8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7        8,644.7   

Balance Sheet Data:

            

Mexican FRS:(1)

            

Total assets of continuing operations

   $ 18,056      Ps. 223,578      Ps. 153,638      Ps. 126,833      Ps. 114,537      Ps. 97,623   

Total assets of discontinued operations

     —          —          72,268        71,201        68,881        62,350   

Current liabilities of continuing operations

     2,464        30,516        37,218        35,351        28,783        22,846   

Current liabilities of discontinued operations

     —          —          10,883        12,912        13,581        10,503   

Long-term debt of continuing operations(7)

     1,793        22,203        21,260        21,853        23,066        21,160   

Other long-term liabilities of continuing operations

     1,442        17,846        8,500        8,285        9,882        7,249   

Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations

     —          —          32,216        22,738        18,453        20,007   

Capital stock

     432        5,348        5,348        5,348        5,348        5,348   

Total stockholders’ equity

     12,357        153,013        115,829        96,895        89,653        78,208   

Controlling interest

     9,477        117,348        81,637        68,821        64,578        56,654   

Non-controlling interest

     2,880        35,665        34,192        28,074        25,075        21,554   

U.S. GAAP:(6)

            

Total assets

   $ 27,015      Ps. 334,517      Ps. 158,000      Ps. 139,219      Ps. 127,167      Ps. 116,392   

Current liabilities

     2,474        30,629        23,539        23,654        18,579        14,814   

Long-term debt(7)

     1,771        21,927        24,119        19,557        16,569        18,749   

Other long-term liabilities

     3,216        39,825        10,900        9,966        8,715        8,738   

Non-controlling interest

     6,339        78,495        1,274        505        698        166   

Controlling interest

     13,216        163,641        98,168        85,537        82,606        73,925   

Capital stock

     432        5,348        5,348        5,348        5,348        5,348   

Stockholders’ equity(8)

     19,555        242,136        99,442        86,042        83,304        74,091   

Other information:

            

Mexican FRS:(1)

            

Depreciation(9)

   $ 366      Ps. 4,527      Ps. 4,391      Ps. 3,762      Ps. 4,930      Ps. 4,954   

Capital expenditures(10)

     902        11,171        9,067        7,816        5,939        5,003   

Operating margin(11)

     13.3     13.3     13.2     13.0     12.5     12.1

U.S. GAAP:

            

Depreciation(9)

   $ 394      Ps. 4,884      Ps. 2,786      Ps. 2,439      Ps. 2,114      Ps. 2,080   

Operating margin(11)

     11.9     11.9     8.4     8.6     9.2     10.3

 

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(1) As a result of the FEMSA Cerveza share exchange with the Heineken Group on April 30, 2010, related figures are presented as discontinued operations for Mexican FRS purposes. As a result, prior year financial information has been modified in order to conform to 2010 financial information.

 

(2) Translation to U.S. dollar amounts at an exchange rate of Ps. 12.3825 to US$1.00 solely for the convenience of the reader.

 

(3) Beginning in 2008, Mexican Financial Reporting Standard NIF D-3 (“Employee’s Benefits”) permitted the presentation of financial expenses related to labor liabilities as part of the comprehensive financing result, which was previously recorded within operating income. Accordingly, information for prior years has been reclassified for comparability purposes.

 

(4) For 2010, 2009 and 2008, includes income tax, and for 2007 and 2006, includes income tax and tax on assets. Since 2007, we are required to present employee profit sharing within “other expenses” pursuant to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards Interpretation (INIF) No. 4 “Presentación en el Estado de Resultados de la Participación de los Trabajadores en la Utilidad” (Presentation of Employee Profit Sharing in the Income Statement). Information for prior years has been modified for comparability purposes.

 

(5) Income per share data has been modified retrospectively to reflect our 3:1 stock split effective May 25, 2007.

 

(6) As of February 1, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been consolidated for U.S. GAAP purposes. Prior to that date, Coca-Cola FEMSA was recorded under the equity method, as discussed in Note 27A to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

(7) Includes long-term debt minus the current portion of long-term debt.

 

(8) In 2009, U.S. GAAP requires that non-controlling interest be included as part of the total stockholders’ equity. This standard was applied retrospectively for comparative purposes.

 

(9) Includes bottle breakage.

 

(10) Includes investments in property, plant and equipment, intangible and other assets.

 

(11) Operating margin is calculated by dividing income from operations by total revenues.

 

(12) Includes gain recognized in other income due to control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA. See Note 27A to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Dividends

We have historically paid dividends per BD Unit (including in the form of ADSs) approximately equal to or greater than 1% of the market price on the date of declaration, subject to changes in our results from operations and financial position, including due to extraordinary economic events and to the factors described in “Risk Factors” that affect our financial condition and liquidity. These factors may affect whether or not dividends are declared and the amount of such dividends. We do not expect to be subject to any contractual restrictions on our ability to pay dividends, although our subsidiaries may be subject to such restrictions. Because we are a holding company with no significant operations of our own, we will have distributable profits and cash to pay dividends only to the extent that we receive dividends from our subsidiaries. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will pay dividends or as to the amount of any dividends.

The following table sets forth for each year the nominal amount of dividends per share that we declared in Mexican pesos and U.S. dollar amounts and their respective payment dates for the 2006 to 2010 fiscal years:

 

Date Dividend Paid

   Fiscal Year
with Respect to
which

Dividend
was Declared
    Aggregate
Amount
of Dividend
Declared
     Per Series B
Share
Dividend
     Per
Series B
Share
Dividend
     Per Series D
Share
Dividend
     Per Series D
Share
Dividend
 

May 15, 2007

     2006 (1)      Ps.1,485,000,000         Ps.0.0741       $ 0.0069         Ps.0.0926       $ 0.0086   

May 8, 2008

     2007 (1)      Ps.1,620,000,000         Ps.0.0807       $ 0.0076         Ps.0.1009       $ 0.0095   

May 4, 2009 and November 3, 2009(2)

     2008        Ps.1,620,000,000         Ps.0.0807       $ 0.0061         Ps.0.1009       $ 0.0076   

May 4, 2009

          Ps.0.0404       $ 0.0030         Ps.0.0505       $ 0.0038   

November 3, 2009

          Ps.0.0404       $ 0.0030         Ps.0.0505       $ 0.0038   

May 4, 2010 and November 3, 2010(3)

     2009        Ps.2,600,000,000         Ps.0.1296       $ 0.0105         Ps.0.1621       $ 0.0132   

May 4, 2010

          Ps.0.0648       $ 0.0053         Ps.0.0810       $ 0.0066   

November 3, 2010

          Ps.0.0648       $ 0.0053         Ps.0.0810       $ 0.0066   

 

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Date Dividend Paid

   Fiscal Year
with Respect to
which

Dividend
was Declared
     Aggregate
Amount
of Dividend
Declared
     Per Series
B Share
Dividend
     Per Series B
Share
Dividend
     Per Series D
Share
Dividend
     Per Series D
Share
Dividend
 

May 3, 2011 and November 2, 2011(4)(5)

     2010         Ps.4,600,000,000         Ps.0.2294         N/a         Ps.0.28675         N/a   

May 3, 2011

           Ps.0.1147       $ 0.0099         Ps.0.14338       $ 0.0124   

November 2, 2011

           Ps.0.1147         N/a         Ps.0.14338         N/a   

 

(1) The per series dividend amount has been adjusted for comparability purposes to reflect the 3:1 stock split effective May 25, 2007 by dividing, for 2006 and 2007, 9,246,420,270 Series B Shares and 8,644,711,080 Series D Shares, which in each case represents the number of shares outstanding at the date each dividend is declared as adjusted retroactively for prior periods as applicable to reflect the 3:1 stock split.

 

(2) The dividend payment for 2008 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment was paid on May 4, 2009, with a record date of April 30, 2009, and the second payment was paid on November 3, 2009, with a record date of October 30, 2009.

 

(3) The dividend payment for 2009 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment was paid on May 4, 2010, with a record date of May 3, 2010, and the second payment was paid on November 3, 2010, with a record date of November 2, 2010.

 

(4) The dividend payment for 2010 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment was paid on May 3, 2011, with a record date of May 2, 2011, and the second payment will be paid on November 2, 2011, with a record date of November 1, 2011.

 

(5) The U.S. dollar amount of the second 2010 dividend payment will be based on the exchange rate on the record date of November 1, 2011.

At the annual ordinary general shareholders meeting, or AGM, the board of directors submits the financial statements of our company for the previous fiscal year, together with a report thereon by the board of directors. Once the holders of Series B Shares have approved the financial statements, they determine the allocation of our net profits for the preceding year. Mexican law requires the allocation of at least 5% of net profits to a legal reserve, which is not subsequently available for distribution, until the amount of the legal reserve equals 20% of our paid in capital stock. Thereafter, the holders of Series B Shares may determine and allocate a certain percentage of net profits to any general or special reserve, including a reserve for open-market purchases of our shares. The remainder of net profits is available for distribution in the form of dividends to our shareholders. Dividends may only be paid if net profits are sufficient to offset losses from prior fiscal years.

Our bylaws provide that dividends will be allocated among the shares outstanding and fully paid at the time a dividend is declared in such manner that each Series D-B Share and Series D-L Share receives 125% of the dividend distributed in respect of each Series B Share. Holders of Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares are entitled to this dividend premium in connection with all dividends paid by us other than payments in connection with the liquidation of our company.

Subject to certain exceptions contained in the deposit agreement dated May 11, 2007, among FEMSA, The Bank of New York, as ADS depositary, and holders and beneficial owners from time to time of our American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, any dividends distributed to holders of our ADSs will be paid to the ADS depositary in Mexican pesos and will be converted by the ADS depositary into U.S. dollars. As a result, restrictions on conversion of Mexican pesos into foreign currencies and exchange rate fluctuations may affect the ability of holders of our ADSs to receive U.S. dollars and the U.S. dollar amount actually received by holders of our ADSs.

 

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Exchange Rate Information

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low, average and year-end noon buying exchange rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for cable transfers of pesos per U.S. dollar. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York discontinued the publication of foreign exchange rates on December 31, 2008, and therefore, the data provided for the periods beginning January 1, 2009, is based on the rates published by the U.S. Federal Reserve Board in its H.10 Weekly Release of Foreign Exchange Rates. The rates have not been restated in constant currency units and therefore represent nominal historical figures.

 

Year ended December 31,

   Exchange Rate  
     High      Low      Average(1)      Year End  

2006

     11.46         10.43         10.91         10.80   

2007

     11.27         10.67         10.93         10.92   

2008

     13.94         9.92         11.21         13.83   

2009

     15.41         12.63         13.50         13.06   

2010

     13.19         12.16         12.64         12.38   

 

(1) Average month-end rates.

 

     Exchange Rate  
     High      Low      Period End  

2009:

        

First Quarter

     Ps.15.41         Ps.13.33         Ps.14.21   

Second Quarter

     13.89         12.89         13.17   

Third Quarter

     13.80         12.82         13.48   

Fourth Quarter

     13.67         12.63         13.06   

2010:

        

First Quarter

     Ps.13.19         Ps.12.30         Ps.12.30   

Second Quarter

     13.14         12.16         12.83   

Third Quarter

     13.17         12.49         12.63   

Fourth Quarter

     12.61         12.21         12.38   

2011:

        

January

     Ps.12.25         Ps.12.04         Ps.12.15   

February

     12.18         11.97         12.11   

March

     12.11         11.92         11.92   

First Quarter

     12.25         11.92         11.92   

April

     11.86         11.52         11.52   

May

     11.77         11.51         11.58   

June(1)

     11.87         11.64         11.87   

 

(1) Information from June 1 to 10, 2011.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Our Company

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business relies on its relationship with The Coca-Cola Company, and changes in this relationship may adversely affect its results from operations and financial condition.

Approximately 99% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sales volume in 2010 was derived from sales of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. Coca-Cola FEMSA produces, markets and distributes Coca-Cola trademark beverages through standard bottler agreements in certain territories in Mexico and Latin America, which we refer to as Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Territories.” Through its rights under the bottler agreements and as a large shareholder, The Coca-Cola Company has the right to participate in the process for making important decisions related to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

The Coca-Cola Company may unilaterally set the price for its concentrate. In addition, under its bottler agreements, Coca-Cola FEMSA is prohibited from bottling or distributing any other beverages without The Coca-Cola Company’s authorization or consent and it may not transfer control of the bottler rights of any of its territories without consent of The Coca-Cola Company. On February 1, 2010, FEMSA’s subsidiaries signed an agreement with subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company to amend the shareholders agreement of Coca-Cola FEMSA. The purpose of the amendment is to set forth that the appointment and compensation of the chief executive officer and all officers reporting to the chief executive officer, as well as the adoption of decisions related to the ordinary operations of Coca-Cola FEMSA shall only require a simple majority vote of the board of directors. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—The Company—Overview.” The Coca-Cola Company may require that Coca-Cola FEMSA demonstrate its financial ability to meet its business. The Coca-Cola Company also makes significant contributions to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s marketing expenses although it is not required to contribute a particular amount. Accordingly, The Coca-Cola Company may discontinue or reduce such contributions at any time.

Coca-Cola FEMSA depends on The Coca-Cola Company to renew its bottler agreements. In Mexico, Coca-Cola FEMSA has four bottler agreements; the agreements for two territories expire in June 2013 and the agreements for the other two territories expire in May 2015. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company will expire for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in other countries as follows: Argentina in September 2014; Brazil in April 2014; Colombia in June 2014; Venezuela in August 2016; Guatemala in March 2015; Costa Rica in September 2017; Nicaragua in May 2016; and Panama in November 2014. All of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements are automatically renewable for ten-year terms, subject to the right of either party to give prior notice that it does not wish to renew a specific agreement. In addition, these agreements generally may be terminated in the case of material breach. Termination would prevent Coca-Cola FEMSA from selling Coca-Cola trademark beverages in the affected territory and would have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, financial conditions, results from operations and prospects.

The Coca-Cola Company has significant influence on the conduct of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, which may result in Coca-Cola FEMSA taking actions contrary to the interests of its remaining shareholders.

The Coca-Cola Company has significant influence on the conduct of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business. Currently, The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owns 31.6% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s outstanding capital stock, representing 37.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights. The Coca-Cola Company is entitled to appoint four of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s 18 directors and the vote of at least two of them is required to approve certain actions by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s board of directors. On February 1, 2010, we and The Coca-Cola Company signed a second amendment to the shareholders agreement that confirms our power to govern the operating and financial policies of Coca-Cola FEMSA in order to exercise control over its operations in the ordinary course of business. Consequently, we are entitled to appoint 11 of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s 18 directors and all of its executive officers. The Coca-Cola Company has the power to determine the outcome of certain protective rights, such as mergers, acquisitions, or the sale of any line of business, requiring approval by its board of directors and may have the power to determine the outcome of certain actions requiring approval of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s shareholders. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts—Coca-Cola FEMSA.” The interests of The Coca-Cola Company may be different from the interests of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s remaining shareholders, which may result in Coca-Cola FEMSA taking actions contrary to the interests of its remaining shareholders.

 

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Coca-Cola FEMSA has significant transactions with affiliates, particularly The Coca-Cola Company, which may create the potential for conflicts of interest and could result in less favorable terms to Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Coca-Cola FEMSA engages in transactions with subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company, including cooperative marketing arrangements and a number of bottler agreements. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA has entered into cooperative marketing arrangements with The Coca-Cola Company. The transactions may create potential conflicts of interest, which could result in terms less favorable to Coca-Cola FEMSA than could be obtained from an unaffiliated third-party.

Competition could adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial performance.

The beverage industry in territories in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates is highly competitive. Coca-Cola FEMSA faces competition from other bottlers of sparkling beverages such as Pepsi products, and from producers of low cost beverages, or “B brands.” Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes in different beverage categories, other than sparkling beverages, such as water, juice-based beverages, teas and sport drinks. Although competitive conditions are different in each of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes principally in terms of price, packaging, consumer sales promotions, customer service and product innovation. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Competition.” There can be no assurances that Coca-Cola FEMSA will be able to avoid lower pricing as a result of competitive pressure. Lower pricing, changes made in response to competition and changes in consumer preferences may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial performance.

Changes in consumer preference could reduce demand for some of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products

The non-alcoholic beverage industry is rapidly evolving as a result of, among other things, changes in consumer preferences. Specifically, consumers are becoming increasingly more aware of and concerned about environmental and health issues. Concerns over the environmental impact of plastic may reduce the consumption of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products sold in plastic bottles or result in additional taxes that would adversely affect consumer demand. In addition, researchers, health advocates and dietary guidelines are encouraging consumers to reduce their consumption of certain types of beverages sweetened with sugar and high fructose corn syrup, which could reduce demand for certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products. A reduction in consumer demand would adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations.

Water shortages or any failure to maintain existing concessions could adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

Water is an essential component of all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products. Coca-Cola FEMSA obtains water from various sources in its territories, including springs, wells, rivers and municipal and state water companies pursuant to either contracts to obtain water or pursuant to concessions granted by governments in its various territories.

Coca-Cola FEMSA obtains the vast majority of the water used in its production pursuant to concessions to exploit wells, which are generally granted based on studies of the existing and projected groundwater supply. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s existing water concessions or contracts to obtain water may be terminated by governmental authorities under certain circumstances and their renewal depends on receiving necessary authorizations from local and/or federal water authorities. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulatory Matters—Water Supply Law.” In some of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s other territories, its existing water supply may not be sufficient to meet its future production needs and the available water supply may be adversely affected by shortages or changes in governmental regulations and environmental changes.

 

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We cannot assure you that water will be available in sufficient quantities to meet Coca-Cola FEMSA’s future production needs or will prove sufficient to meet its water supply needs.

Increases in the prices of raw materials would increase Coca-Cola FEMSA’s cost of sales and may adversely affect its results from operations.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most significant raw materials are (1) concentrate, which it acquires from affiliates of The Coca-Cola Company, (2) packaging materials and (3) sweeteners. Prices for sparkling beverages concentrate are determined by The Coca-Cola Company as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency, net of applicable taxes. In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company decided to gradually increase concentrate prices for sparkling beverages in Brazil and Mexico. These increases were fully implemented in Brazil in 2008 and in Mexico in 2009. However, Coca-Cola FEMSA may experience further increases in the future. The prices for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s remaining raw materials are driven by market prices and local availability as well as the imposition of import duties and import restrictions and fluctuations in exchange rates. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also required to meet all of its supply needs from suppliers approved by The Coca-Cola Company, which may limit the number of suppliers available to it. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sales prices are denominated in the local currency in each country in which it operates, while the prices of certain materials, including those used in the bottling of its products (mainly resin, ingots used to make plastic bottles, finished plastic bottles, aluminum cans and high fructose corn syrup), are paid in or determined with reference to the U.S. dollar. These prices may increase if the U.S. dollar appreciates against the currency of any country in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, which occurred in 2008 and 2009. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Raw Materials.”

After concentrate, packaging materials and sweeteners constitute the largest portion of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s raw material costs. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most significant packaging raw material costs arise from the purchase of resin and plastic ingots to make plastic bottles and from the purchase of finished plastic bottles, the prices of which are tied to crude oil prices and global resin supply. The average prices Coca-Cola FEMSA paid for resin and plastic ingots in U.S. dollars decreased significantly in 2009 and in 2010. Prices may also increase in future periods. During 2009 and 2010, international sugar prices were volatile due to various factors, including shifting demands, availability and climate issues affecting production and distribution. Sugar prices in all of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates other than Brazil are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause Coca-Cola FEMSA to pay in excess of international market prices for sugar. Average sweetener prices paid during 2010 were higher as compared to 2009 in all of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Raw Materials.”

We cannot assure you that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s raw material prices will not further increase in the future. Increases in the prices of raw materials would increase Coca-Cola FEMSA’s cost of sales and adversely affect its financial performance.

Taxes could adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

The countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates may adopt new tax laws or modify existing law to increase taxes applicable to its business. For example, in Mexico, a general tax reform became effective on January 1, 2010, pursuant to which, as applicable to Coca-Cola FEMSA, there was a temporary increase in the income tax rate from 28% to 30% from 2010 through 2012. This increase will be followed by a reduction to 29% for the year 2013 and a further reduction in 2014 to return to the previous rate of 28%. In addition, the value added tax (VAT) rate increased in 2010 from 15% to 16%. This increase had an impact on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations due to the reduction in consumer acquisition capacity.

In Panama, there was an increase in a certain consumer tax, effective as of April 1, 2010, affecting syrups powders and concentrate. Some of these materials are used for the production of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sparkling beverages. These taxes increased from 6% to 10%.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products are also subject to certain taxes in many of the countries in which it operates. Certain countries in Central America, Brazil and Argentina also impose taxes on sparkling beverages. We cannot assure you that any governmental authority in any country where Coca-Cola FEMSA operates will not impose new taxes or increase taxes on its products in the future.

 

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Regulatory developments may adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

Coca-Cola FEMSA is subject to regulation in each of the territories in which it operates. The principal areas in which Coca-Cola FEMSA is subject to regulation are environment, labor, taxation, health and antitrust. Regulation can also affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s ability to set prices for its products. The adoption of new laws or regulations or a stricter interpretation or enforcement thereof in the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates may increase its operating costs or impose restrictions on its operations, which in turn, may adversely affect its financial condition, business and results from operations. In particular, environmental standards are becoming more stringent in several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates and Coca-Cola FEMSA is in the process of complying with these standards, although we cannot assure you that Coca-Cola FEMSA will be able to meet any timelines for compliance established by the relevant regulatory authorities. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulatory Matters—Environmental Matters.” Further changes in current regulations may result in an increase in compliance costs, which may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s future results from operations or financial condition.

Voluntary price restraints or statutory price controls have been imposed historically in several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates. It is currently subject to price controls in Argentina. The imposition of these restrictions or voluntary price restraints in other territories may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations and financial position. We cannot assure you that governmental authorities in any country where Coca-Cola FEMSA operates will not impose statutory price controls or that it will need to implement voluntary price restraints in the future.

In January 2010, the Venezuelan government amended the Ley para la Defensa y Acceso a las Personas a los Bienes y Servicios (Access to Goods and Services Defense Law). Any violation by a company that produces, distributes and sells goods and services could lead to fines, penalties or the confiscation of the assets used to produce, distribute and sell these goods without compensation. Although we believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA is in compliance with this law, consumer protection laws in Venezuela are subject to continuing review and changes, and any such changes could lead to an adverse impact on Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations have from time to time been subject to investigations and proceedings by antitrust authorities and litigation relating to alleged anticompetitive practices. Coca-Cola FEMSA has also been subject to investigations and proceedings on environmental and labor matters. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.” We cannot assure you that these investigations and proceedings could not have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations or financial condition.

Economic and political conditions in the other Latin American countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates may have an increasingly adverse effect on its business.

In addition to operating in Mexico, our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA conducts operations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina. Total revenues and income from Coca-Cola FEMSA’s combined non-Mexican operations increased as a percentage of their consolidated total revenues and income from operations from 42.8% and 29.5%, respectively, in 2005 to 62.5% and 61.3%, respectively, in 2010. As a consequence, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results have been increasingly affected by the economic and political conditions in the countries, other than Mexico, where it conducts operations.

Consumer demand, preferences, real prices and the costs of raw materials are heavily influenced by macroeconomic and political conditions in the other countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates. These conditions vary by country and may not be correlated to conditions in Mexican operations. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to face exchange rate risk as well as scarcity of raw materials and restrictions with respect to the import of such materials. Deterioration in economic and political conditions in any of these countries would have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial position and results from operations.

Depreciation of the local currencies of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates against the U.S. dollar may increase its operating costs. Coca-Cola FEMSA has also operated under exchange controls in Venezuela since 2003 that limit the ability to remit dividends abroad or make payments other than in local currencies and that may increase the real price paid for raw materials and services purchased in local currency. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of its official exchange rate and the establishment of a multiple exchange rate system of (1) 2.60 bolivars to US$ 1.00 for high priority categories (2) 4.30 bolivars to US$ 1.00 for non-priority categories and (3) the recognition of the existence of other exchange rates that the government shall determine. In January 2011, the

 

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Venezuelan government announced that its only official exchange rate as of January 1, 2011 is 4.30 bolivars to US$ 1.00, although the Venezuelan government continues to recognize the existence of other exchange rates that the government shall determine; FEMSA expects this devaluation may have an adverse impact on its results from operations as a result of the exchange rate as applied to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs. Future currency devaluation or the imposition of exchange controls in any of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA has operations could have an adverse effect on its financial position and results from operations.

During 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plant in Valencia, Venezuela, was affected by a strike for 26 days, which stopped all production at this plant. The Valencia plant is Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal plant, producing 50% of the volume of sales in Venezuela. A final agreement was reached with the union that resulted in additional expenditures in the form of increased wages and certain improvements in work conditions for the plant’s employees.

We cannot assure that political or social developments in any of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA has operations, and over which it has no control, will not have a corresponding adverse effect on the economic situation and on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, financial condition or results from operations.

Weather conditions may adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results.

Lower temperatures and higher rainfall may negatively impact consumer patterns, which may result in lower per capita consumption of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s beverage offerings. Additionally, adverse weather conditions may affect road infrastructure in the territories in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates and may limits its ability to sell and distribute its products, thus affecting Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations. As was the case in Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and Central America in 2010, adverse weather conditions affected Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sales in certain regions of these territories.

FEMSA Comercio

Competition from other retailers in Mexico could adversely affect FEMSA Comercio’s business.

The Mexican retail sector is highly competitive. FEMSA participates in the retail sector primarily through FEMSA Comercio. FEMSA Comercio’s OXXO convenience stores face competition on a regional basis from 7-Eleven, Super Extra, Super City and Circle K stores. OXXO convenience stores also face competition from numerous small chains of retailers across Mexico. In the future, OXXO stores may face additional competition from other retailers that do not currently participate in the convenience store sector or from new market entrants. Increased competition may limit the number of new locations available to FEMSA Comercio and require FEMSA Comercio to modify its product offering or pricing. In addition, consumers may prefer alternative products or store formats offered by competitors. As a result, FEMSA Comercio’s results from operations and financial position may be adversely affected by competition in the future.

Sales of OXXO convenience stores may be adversely affected by changes in economic conditions in Mexico.

Convenience stores often sell certain products at a premium. The convenience store market is thus highly sensitive to economic conditions, since an economic slowdown is often accompanied by a decline in consumer purchasing power, which in turn results in a decline in the overall consumption of FEMSA Comercio’s main product categories. During periods of economic slowdown, OXXO stores may experience a decline in traffic per store and purchases per customer, and this may result in a decline in FEMSA Comercio’s results from operations.

 

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FEMSA Comercio may not be able to maintain its historic growth rate.

FEMSA Comercio increased the number of OXXO stores at a compound annual growth rate of 14.8% from 2006 to 2010. The growth in the number of OXXO stores has driven growth in total revenue and operating income at FEMSA Comercio over the same period. As the overall number of stores increases, percentage growth in the number of OXXO stores is likely to decrease. In addition, as convenience store penetration in Mexico grows, the number of viable new store locations may decrease, and new store locations may be less favorable in terms of same store sales, average ticket and store traffic. As a result, FEMSA Comercio’s future results from operations and financial condition may not be consistent with prior periods and may be characterized by lower growth rates in terms of total revenue and operating income. In Colombia, FEMSA Comercio may not be able to maintain similar historic growth rates to those in Mexico.

FEMSA Comercio’s business may be adversely affected by an increase in the crime rate in Mexico.

In recent years, crime rates have increased, particularly in the north of Mexico and there has been a particular increase in drug-related crime and other organized crime. Although FEMSA Comercio has stores across the majority of the Mexican territory, the north of Mexico represents an important region in FEMSA Comercio’s operations. An increase in crime rates could negatively affect sales and customer traffic, increase security expenses incurred in each store, result in higher turnover of personnel or damage to the perception of the OXXO brand, each of which could have an adverse effect on FEMSA Comercio’s business.

FEMSA Comercio’s business may be adversely affected by changes in information technology.

FEMSA Comercio invests aggressively in information technology in order to maximize its value generation potential. Given the rapid speed at which FEMSA Comercio adds new services and products to its commercial offerings, the development of information technology systems, hardware and software needs to keep pace with the growth of the business. If these systems became unstable or if planning for future information technology investments were inadequate, it could affect FEMSA Comercio’s business by reducing the flexibility of its value proposition to consumers or by increasing its operating complexity, either of which could adversely affect FEMSA Comercio’s revenue-per-store trends.

Risks Related to Our Holding of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. Shares

FEMSA will not control Heineken N.V.’s and Heineken Holding N.V.’s decisions.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group, which we refer to as the Heineken transaction. As a consequence of the Heineken transaction, FEMSA now participates in the Heineken Holding N.V. Board, which we refer to as the Heineken Holding Board, and in the Heineken N.V. Supervisory Board, which we refer to as the Heineken Supervisory Board. However, FEMSA is not a majority or controlling shareholder of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V., nor does it control the decisions of the Heineken Holding Board or the Heineken Supervisory Board. Therefore, the decisions made by the majority or controlling shareholders of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. or the Heineken Holding Board or the Heineken Supervisory Board may not be consistent with or may not consider the interests of FEMSA’s shareholders or may be adverse to the interests of FEMSA’s shareholders. Additionally, FEMSA has agreed not to disclose non-public information and decisions taken by Heineken.

Heineken is present in a large number of countries.

Heineken is a global distributor and brewer of beer in a large number of countries. As a consequence of the Heineken transaction, FEMSA shareholders are indirectly exposed to the political, economic and social circumstances affecting the markets in which Heineken is present, which may have an adverse effect on the value of FEMSA’s interest in Heineken, and, consequently, the value of FEMSA shares.

 

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Strengthening of the Mexican peso.

In the event of a depreciation of the Euro (€) against the Mexican Peso, the fair value of FEMSA’s investment in shares will be adversely affected.

Furthermore, the cash flow that is expected to be received in the form of dividends from Heineken will be in Euros, and therefore, in the event of a depreciation of the Euro against the Mexican Peso, the amount of expected cash flow will be adversely affected.

Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. are publicly listed companies.

Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. are listed companies whose stock trades publicly and is subject to market fluctuation. A reduction in the price of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. shares would result in a reduction in the economic value of FEMSA’s participation in Heineken.

Risks Related to Our Principal Shareholders and Capital Structure

A majority of our voting shares are held by a voting trust, which effectively controls the management of our company, and whose interests may differ from those of other shareholders.

As of April 30, 2011, a voting trust, the participants of which are members of seven families, owned 38.69% of our capital stock and 74.86% of our capital stock with full voting rights, consisting of the Series B Shares. Consequently, the voting trust has the power to elect a majority of the members of our board of directors and to play a significant or controlling role in the outcome of substantially all matters to be decided by our board of directors or our shareholders. The interests of the voting trust may differ from those of our other shareholders. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions” and “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws—Voting Rights and Certain Minority Rights.”

Holders of Series D-B and D-L Shares have limited voting rights.

Holders of Series D-B and D-L Shares have limited voting rights and are only entitled to vote on specific matters, such as certain changes in the form of our corporate organization, dissolution, or liquidation, a merger with a company with a distinct corporate purpose, a merger in which we are not the surviving entity, a change of our jurisdiction of incorporation, the cancellation of the registration of the Series D-B and D-L Shares and any other matters that expressly require approval from such holders under the Mexican Securities Law. As a result of these limited voting rights, Series D-B and D-L holders will not be able to influence our business or operations. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders” and “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws—Voting Rights and Certain Minority Rights.”

Holders of ADSs may not be able to vote at our shareholder meetings.

Our shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE, in the form of ADSs. We cannot assure you that holders of our shares in the form of ADSs will receive notice of shareholders’ meetings from our ADS depositary in sufficient time to enable such holders to return voting instructions to the ADS depositary in a timely manner. In the event that instructions are not received with respect to any shares underlying ADSs, the ADS depositary will, subject to certain limitations, grant a proxy to a person designated by us in respect of these shares. In the event that this proxy is not granted, the ADS depositary will vote these shares in the same manner as the majority of the shares of each class for which voting instructions are received.

Holders of BD Units in the United States and holders of ADSs may not be able to participate in any future preemptive rights offering and as a result may be subject to dilution of their equity interests.

Under applicable Mexican law, if we issue new shares for cash as a part of a capital increase, other than in connection with a public offering of newly issued shares or treasury stock, we are generally required to grant our shareholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage.

 

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Rights to purchase shares in these circumstances are known as preemptive rights. We may not legally allow holders of our shares or ADSs who are located in the United States to exercise any preemptive rights in any future capital increases unless (1) we file a registration statement with the SEC with respect to that future issuance of shares or (2) the offering qualifies for an exemption from the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933. At the time of any future capital increase, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the SEC, as well as the benefits of preemptive rights to holders of our shares in the form of ADSs in the United States and any other factors that we consider important in determining whether to file a registration statement.

We may decide not to file a registration statement with the SEC to allow holders of our shares or ADSs who are located in the United States to participate in a preemptive rights offering. In addition, under current Mexican law, the sale by the ADS depositary of preemptive rights and the distribution of the proceeds from such sales to the holders of our shares in the form of ADSs is not possible. As a result, the equity interest of holders of our shares in the form of ADSs would be diluted proportionately. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws—Preemptive Rights.”

The protections afforded to minority shareholders in Mexico are different from those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States.

Under Mexican law, the protections afforded to minority shareholders are different from, and may be less than, those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States. Mexican laws do not provide a remedy to shareholders relating to violations of fiduciary duties. There is no procedure for class actions as such actions are conducted in the United States and there are different procedural requirements for bringing shareholder lawsuits against directors for the benefit of companies. Therefore, it may be more difficult for minority shareholders to enforce their rights against us, our directors or our controlling shareholders than it would be for minority shareholders of a United States company.

Investors may experience difficulties in enforcing civil liabilities against us or our directors, officers and controlling persons.

FEMSA is organized under the laws of Mexico, and most of our directors, officers and controlling persons reside outside the United States. In addition, all or a substantial portion of our assets and their respective assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States on such persons or to enforce judgments against them, including any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws. There is doubt as to the enforceability against such persons in Mexico, whether in original actions or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities based solely on the U.S. federal securities laws.

Developments in other countries may adversely affect the market for our securities.

The market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, influenced by economic and securities market conditions in other emerging market countries. Although economic conditions are different in each country, investors’ reaction to developments in one country can have effects on the securities of issuers in other countries, including Mexico. We cannot assure you that events elsewhere, especially in emerging markets, will not adversely affect the market value of our securities.

The failure or inability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or other distributions to us may adversely affect us and our ability to pay dividends to holders of ADSs.

FEMSA is a holding company. Accordingly, FEMSA’s cash flows are principally derived from dividends, interest and other distributions made to FEMSA by its subsidiaries. Currently, FEMSA’s subsidiaries do not have contractual obligations that require them to pay dividends to FEMSA. In addition, debt and other contractual obligations of our subsidiaries may in the future impose restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to make dividend or other payments to FEMSA, which in turn may adversely affect FEMSA’s ability to pay dividends to shareholders and meet its debt and other obligations. As of December 31, 2010, FEMSA had no restrictions on its ability to pay

 

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dividends. Given the exchange of 100% of our FEMSA Cerveza business for a 20% interest in the Heineken Group, FEMSA’s non-controlling shareholder position in Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. means that it will be unable to require payment of dividends with respect to the Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. shares.

Risks Related to Mexico and the Other Countries in Which We Operate

Adverse economic conditions in Mexico may adversely affect our financial position and results from operations.

We are a Mexican corporation, and our Mexican operations are our single most important geographic territory. Given the exchange of 100% of our FEMSA Cerveza business for a 20% interest in the Heineken Group, FEMSA shareholders may face a lesser degree of exposure with respect to economic conditions in Mexico and a greater degree of indirect exposure to the political, economic and social circumstances affecting the markets in which Heineken is present. For the year ended December 31, 2010, 62% of our consolidated total revenues were attributable to Mexico and at the net income level the percentage attributable to our Mexican operations is further reduced. The Mexican economy experienced a downturn as a result of the impact of the global financial crisis on many emerging economies that began in the second half of 2008 and continued through 2010. In the first quarter of 2011, Mexican gross domestic product, or GDP, increased by approximately 4.6% on an annualized basis compared to the same period in 2010 due to an improvement in the manufacturing and services sectors of the economy. The Mexican economy continues to be heavily influenced by the U.S. economy, and therefore, further deterioration in economic conditions in, or delays in recovery of, the U.S. economy may hinder any recovery in Mexico. In the past, Mexico has experienced both prolonged periods of weak economic conditions and deteriorations in economic conditions that have had a negative impact on our results from operations. Given the continuing global macroeconomic downturn in 2009 and 2010, which also affected the Mexican economy, we cannot assure you that such conditions will not have a material adverse effect on our results from operations and financial position going forward.

Our business may be significantly affected by the general condition of the Mexican economy, or by the rate of inflation in Mexico, interest rates in Mexico and exchange rates for, or exchange controls affecting, the Mexican peso. Decreases in the growth rate of the Mexican economy, periods of negative growth and/or increases in inflation or interest rates may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing of our products or a shift to lower margin products. Because a large percentage of our costs and expenses are fixed, we may not be able to reduce costs and expenses upon the occurrence of any of these events, and our profit margins may suffer as a result.

In addition, an increase in interest rates in Mexico would increase the cost to us of variable rate debt, which constituted 52.1% of our total debt as of December 31, 2010 (including the effect of interest rate swaps), and have an adverse effect on our financial position and results from operations.

Depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our financial position and results from operations.

Depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar increases the cost to us of a portion of the raw materials we acquire, the price of which is paid in or determined with reference to U.S. dollars, and of our debt obligations denominated in U.S. dollars and thereby negatively affects our financial position and results from operations. A severe devaluation or depreciation of the Mexican peso may result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets and may limit our ability to transfer or to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our U.S. dollar-denominated debt or obligations in other currencies. Although the value of the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar had been fairly stable until mid-2008, in the fourth quarter of 2008, the Mexican peso depreciated approximately 27% compared to the fourth quarter of 2007. During 2009 and 2010, the Mexican peso experienced a recovery relative to the U.S. dollar of approximately 5.2% and 5.6% compared to the year of 2008 and 2009 respectively, and in the first quarter of 2011, the Mexican peso has appreciated approximately 3% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.

While the Mexican government does not currently restrict, and since 1982 has not restricted, the right or ability of Mexican or foreign persons or entities to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars or to transfer other currencies out of Mexico, the Mexican government could institute restrictive exchange rate policies in the future, as

 

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it has done in the past. Currency fluctuations may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results from operations and cash flows in future periods.

When the financial markets are volatile, as they have been in recent periods, our results from operations may be substantially affected by variations in exchange rates and commodity prices, and to a lesser degree, interest rates. These effects include foreign exchange gain and loss on assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, fair value gain and loss on derivative financial instruments, commodities prices and changes in interest income and interest expense. These effects can be much more volatile than our operating performance and our operating cash flows.

Political events in Mexico could adversely affect our operations.

Mexican political events may significantly affect our operations. Presidential elections in Mexico occur every six years, and the most recent election occurred in July 2006. Elections of the senate also occurred in July 2006, and although the Partido Acción Nacional won a plurality of the seats in the Mexican congress in the election, no party succeeded in securing a majority. Elections of the Cámara de Diputados (House of Representatives) occurred in 2009, and although the Partido Revolucionario Institucional won a plurality of seats in the House of Representatives, no party succeeded in securing a majority. The absence of a clear majority by a single party is likely to continue. This situation may result in government gridlock and political uncertainty. We cannot provide any assurances that political developments in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results from operations.

Insecurity in Mexico could increase and adversely affect our results.

The presence and increasing levels of violence among drug cartels, and between these and the Mexican law enforcement and armed forces, pose a risk to our business. Organized criminal activity and related violent incidents remained high during 2010 and are relatively concentrated along the northern Mexican border, as well as in certain other Mexican states such as Sinaloa and Michoacán. Mexican President Felipe Calderón has acted to fight the drug cartels and has disrupted the balance of power among them. The principal driver of organized criminal activity is the drug trade that aims to supply and profit from the uninterrupted demand for drugs and the supply of weapons from the United States. This situation could impact our business because consumer habits and patterns adjust to the increased perceived and real insecurity as people refrain from going out as much and gradually shift some on-premise consumption to off-premise consumption of food and beverages on certain social occasions. Insecurity could increase and could therefore adversely affect our operational and financial results.

Depreciation of local currencies in other Latin American countries in which we operate may adversely affect our financial position.

Total revenues increased in certain of our non-Mexican beverage operations at a higher rate relative to their respective Mexican operations in 2010. This higher rate of total revenue growth could result in a greater contribution to the respective results from operations for these territories, but may also expose us to greater risk in these territories as a result. The devaluation of the local currencies against the U.S. dollar in our non-Mexican territories can increase our operating costs in these countries, and depreciation of the local currencies against the Mexican peso can negatively affect our results from operations for these countries. In recent years, the value of the currency in the countries in which we operate had been relatively stable except in Venezuela. Future currency devaluation or the imposition of exchange controls in any of these countries, including Mexico, would have an adverse effect on our financial position and results from operations.

 

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ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

The Company

Overview

We are a Mexican company headquartered in Monterrey, Mexico, and our origin dates back to 1890. Our company was incorporated on May 30, 1936 and has a duration of 99 years. The duration can be extended indefinitely by resolution of our shareholders. Our legal name is Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V., and in commercial contexts we frequently refer to ourselves as FEMSA. Our principal executive offices are located at General Anaya No. 601 Pte., Colonia Bella Vista, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64410, Mexico. Our telephone number at this location is (52-81) 8328-6000. Our website is www.femsa.com. We are organized as a sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable under the laws of Mexico.

We conduct our operations through the following principal holding companies, each of which we refer to as a principal sub-holding company:

 

   

Coca-Cola FEMSA, which engages in the production, distribution and marketing of soft drinks;

 

   

FEMSA Comercio, which operates convenience stores; and

 

   

CB Equity, which holds our investment in Heineken.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. Under Mexican FRS, we have reclassified our audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the related consolidated statements of income and changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 to reflect FEMSA Cerveza as a discontinued operation. However, FEMSA Cerveza is not a discontinued operation under U.S. GAAP. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—U.S. GAAP Reconciliation” and Notes 27 and 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Corporate Background

FEMSA traces its origins to the establishment of Mexico’s first brewery, Cervecería Cuauhtémoc, S.A., which we refer to as Cuauhtémoc, that was founded in 1890 by four Monterrey businessmen: Francisco G. Sada, José A. Muguerza, Isaac Garza and José M. Schneider. Descendants of certain of the founders of Cuauhtémoc are participants of the voting trust that controls the management of our company.

The strategic integration of our company dates back to 1936 when our packaging operations were established to supply crown caps to the brewery. During this period, these operations were part of what was known as the Monterrey Group, which also included interests in banking, steel and other packaging operations.

In 1974, the Monterrey Group was split between two branches of the descendants of the founding families of Cuauhtémoc. The steel and other packaging operations formed the basis for the creation of Corporación Siderúrgica, S.A. (now Alfa, S.A.B. de C.V.), controlled by the Garza Sada family, and the beverage and banking operations were consolidated under the Valores Industriales, S.A. de C.V. (the corporate predecessor of FEMSA) corporate umbrella controlled by the Garza Lagüera family. FEMSA’s shares were first listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange on September 19, 1978. Between 1977 and 1981, FEMSA diversified its operations through acquisitions in the soft drinks and mineral water industries, the establishment of the first convenience stores under the trade name OXXO and other investments in the hotel, construction, auto parts, food and fishing industries, which were considered non-core businesses and were subsequently divested.

In August 1982, the Mexican government suspended payment on its international debt obligations and nationalized the Mexican banking system. In 1985, certain controlling shareholders of FEMSA acquired a

 

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controlling interest in Cervecería Moctezuma, S.A., which was then Mexico’s third-largest brewery and which we refer to as Moctezuma, and related companies in the packaging industry. FEMSA subsequently undertook an extensive corporate and financial restructuring that was completed in December 1988, and pursuant to which FEMSA’s assets were combined under a single corporate entity, which became Grupo Industrial Emprex, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Emprex.

In October 1991, certain majority shareholders of FEMSA acquired a controlling interest in Bancomer, S.A., which we refer to as Bancomer. The investment in Bancomer was undertaken as part of the Mexican government’s reprivatization of the banking system, which had been nationalized in 1982. The Bancomer acquisition was financed in part by a subscription by Emprex’s shareholders, including FEMSA, of shares in Grupo Financiero Bancomer, S.A. de C.V. (currently Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.), which we refer to as BBVA Bancomer, the Mexican financial services holding company that was formed to hold a controlling interest in Bancomer. In February 1992, FEMSA offered Emprex’s shareholders the opportunity to exchange the BBVA Bancomer shares to which they were entitled for Emprex shares owned by FEMSA. In August 1996, the shares of BBVA Bancomer that were received by FEMSA in the exchange with Emprex’s shareholders were distributed as a dividend to FEMSA’s shareholders.

Upon the completion of these transactions, we began a series of strategic transactions to strengthen the competitive positions of our operating subsidiaries. These transactions included the sale of a 30% strategic interest in Coca-Cola FEMSA to a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company and a subsequent public offering of Coca-Cola FEMSA shares, both of which occurred in 1993, and the sale of a 22% strategic interest in FEMSA Cerveza to Labatt Brewing Company Limited, which we refer to as Labatt, in 1994. Labatt, which was later acquired by InBev S.A., or InBev (known at the time of the acquisition of Labatt as Interbrew and currently referred to as A-B InBev), subsequently increased its interest in FEMSA Cerveza to 30%.

In 1998, we completed a reorganization that:

 

   

changed our capital structure by converting our outstanding capital stock at the time of the reorganization into BD Units and B Units, and

 

   

united the shareholders of FEMSA and the former shareholders of Emprex at the same corporate level through an exchange offer that was consummated on May 11, 1998.

As part of the reorganization, FEMSA listed ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange representing BD Units, and listed the BD Units and its B Units on the Mexican Stock Exchange.

In May 2003, our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA expanded its operations throughout Latin America by acquiring 100% of Panamco México, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Panamco, then the largest soft drink bottler in Latin America in terms of sales volume in 2002. Through its acquisition of Panamco, Coca-Cola FEMSA began producing and distributing Coca-Cola trademark beverages in additional territories in Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, along with bottled water, beer and other beverages in some of these territories. The Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries received Series D Shares in exchange for their equity interest in Panamco of approximately 25%.

On August 31, 2004, we consummated a series of transactions with InBev, Labatt and certain of their affiliates to terminate the existing arrangements between FEMSA Cerveza and Labatt. As a result of these transactions, FEMSA acquired 100% ownership of FEMSA Cerveza and previously existing arrangements among affiliates of FEMSA and InBev relating to governance, transfer of ownership and other matters with respect to FEMSA Cerveza were terminated.

On June 1, 2005, we consummated an equity offering of 80.5 million BD Units (including BD Units in the form of ADSs) and 52.78 million B units that resulted in net proceeds to us of US$ 700 million after underwriting spreads and commissions. We used the proceeds of the equity offering to refinance indebtedness incurred in connection with the transactions with InBev, Labatt and certain of their affiliates.

 

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On January 13, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza, through one of its subsidiaries, acquired 68% of the equity of the Brazilian brewer Kaiser from the Molson Coors Brewing Company, or Molson Coors, for US$ 68 million. Molson Coors retained a 15% ownership stake in Kaiser, while Heineken N.V.’s ownership of 17% remained unchanged. In December 2006, Molson Coors completed its exit from Kaiser by exercising its option to sell its 15% holding to FEMSA Cerveza. On December 22, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza made a capital increase of US$ 200 million in Kaiser. At the time, Heineken N.V. elected not to participate in the increase, thereby diluting its 17% interest in Kaiser to 0.17%, and FEMSA Cerveza thereby increasing its stake to 99.83% of the equity of Kaiser, however, in August 2007, FEMSA Cerveza and Heineken N.V. closed a stock purchase agreement whereby Heineken N.V. purchased the shares necessary to regain its 17% interest in Kaiser. As a result of this transaction, FEMSA Cerveza obtained ownership of 83% of Kaiser and Heineken N.V. obtained ownership of 17%.

On November 3, 2006, we acquired from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company 148,000,000 Series “D” shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA, representing 8.02% of the total outstanding stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA. We acquired these shares at a price of US$ 427.4 million in the aggregate, pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding with The Coca-Cola Company. As of March 30, 2011, FEMSA indirectly owns 53.7% of the capital stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA (63.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights) and The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owns 31.6% of the capital stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA (37.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights). The remaining 14.7% of its capital consists of Series L Shares with limited voting rights, which trade on the Mexican Stock Exchange and on the New York Stock Exchange in the form of ADSs under the trading symbol KOF.

In March 2007, at our company’s AGM, our shareholders approved a three-for-one stock split of FEMSA’s outstanding stock and our ADSs traded on the NYSE. The pro rata stock split had no effect on the ownership structure of FEMSA. The new units issued in the stock split were distributed by the Mexican Stock Exchange on May 28, 2007, to holders of record as of May 25, 2007, and ADSs traded on the NYSE were distributed on May 30, 2007, to holders of record as of May 25, 2007.

On November 8, 2007, Administración, S.A.P.I. de C.V., or Administración S.A.P.I., a Mexican company owned directly or indirectly by Coca-Cola FEMSA and by The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 58,350,908 shares representing 100% of the shares of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle, for US$ 370 million in cash, with assumed liabilities of US$ 86 million. On June 30, 2008, Administración S.A.P.I. and Jugos del Valle merged, and Jugos del Valle became the surviving entity. Subsequent to the initial acquisition of Jugos del Valle, Coca-Cola FEMSA offered to sell 30% of its interest in Administración S.A.P.I. to other Coca-Cola bottlers in Mexico. In December 2008, the surviving Jugos del Valle entity sold its operations to The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSA and other bottlers of Coca-Cola trademark brands in Brazil. These still beverage operations were integrated into a joint business with The Coca-Cola Company in Brazil. Through Coca-Cola FEMSA’s joint ventures with The Coca-Cola Company, we distribute the Jugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages and have begun to develop and distribute new products. As of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA has a recorded investment of 19.8% of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle.

On April 22, 2008, FEMSA shareholders approved a proposal to amend our bylaws in order to preserve the unit structure for our shares that has been in place since May 1998, and to maintain our existing share structure beyond May 11, 2008. Our bylaws previously provided that on May 11, 2008 our Series D-B Shares would convert into Series B Shares and our Series D-L Shares would convert into Series L Shares with limited voting rights. In addition, our bylaws provided that on May 11, 2008, our current unit structure would cease to exist and each of our B Units would be unbundled into five Series B Shares, while each BD Unit would unbundle into three Series B Shares and two newly issued Series L Shares. Following the April 22, 2008 shareholder approvals, the automatic conversion of our share and unit structures no longer exist, and, absent shareholder action, our share structure will continue to be comprised of Series B Shares, which must represent not less than 51% of our outstanding capital stock, and Series D-B and Series D-L Shares, which together may represent up to 49% of our outstanding capital stock. Our Unit structure, absent shareholder action, will continue to consist of B Units, which bundle five Series B Shares, and BD Units, which bundle one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares. See “Item 9. The Offer and Listing—Description of Securities.”

In May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed its acquisition of REMIL in Brazil for US$ 364.1 million, net of cash received, and assumed liabilities of US$ 196.9 million.

 

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On January 11, 2010, FEMSA announced that its Board of Directors unanimously approved a definitive agreement under which FEMSA would exchange its FEMSA Cerveza business for a 20% economic interest in Heineken, one of the world’s leading brewers. Under the terms of the agreement, FEMSA received 43,018,320 shares of Heineken Holding N.V. and 43,009,699 shares of Heineken N.V., with an additional 29,172,504 shares to be delivered pursuant to an allotted share delivery instrument. It is expected that the allotted shares will be acquired by Heineken in the secondary market for delivery to FEMSA over a term not to exceed five years. Nonetheless, during the period for the delivery of the allotted shares, FEMSA will be subject to all the economic benefits, as well as the risk and obligations, of the Heineken Group as if such shares had been delivered at the closing of the transaction on April 30, 2010. Heineken would also assume US$ 2.1 billion of indebtedness, including FEMSA Cerveza’s unfunded pension obligations. The principal terms of the Heineken transaction documents are summarized below in “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts.”

On February 1, 2010, FEMSA signed an agreement with subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company to amend the shareholders agreement for Coca-Cola FEMSA. The purpose of the amendment is to set forth that the appointment and compensation of the chief executive officer and all officers reporting to the chief executive officer, as well as the adoption of decisions related to the ordinary operations of Coca-Cola FEMSA, shall only require a simple majority vote of the board of directors. Decisions related to extraordinary matters (such as business acquisitions or combinations in an amount exceeding US$ 100 million, among others) shall continue to require the vote of the majority of the board of directors, including the affirmative vote of two of the board members appointed by The Coca-Cola Company. The amendment was approved at Coca-Cola FEMSA’s extraordinary shareholders meeting on April 14, 2010, and is reflected in the by-laws of Coca-Cola FEMSA. This amendment was signed without transfer of any consideration. The percentage of our voting interest in our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA remains the same after the signing of this amendment.

On April 22, 2010, Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. held their AGM, and approved the acquisition of 100% of the shares of the beer operations owned by FEMSA, under the terms announced on January 11, 2010. The AGM of Heineken appointed, subject to the completion of the acquisition of FEMSA’s beer operations, Mr. Jose Antonio Fernández Carbajal as member of the Board of Directors of Heineken Holding N.V. and Heineken Supervisory Board, and Mr. Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines as second representative in the Heineken Supervisory Board. Their appointments became effective on April 30, 2010.

On April 26, 2010, FEMSA held its AGM, during which shareholders approved the transaction with Heineken. Shareholders approved the exchange of 100% of FEMSA’s beer operations in Mexico and Brazil for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group, and the assumption by Heineken of debt in the amount of US$2.1 billion dollars, under the transaction terms described on January 11, 2010.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. The principal terms of the Heineken transaction documents are summarized below in “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts.”

On September 2010, FEMSA sold Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S. de R.L. de C.V., which we refer to as Promotora, to The Coca-Cola Company. Promotora was the owner of the Mundet brands of soft drinks in Mexico.

On September 2010, FEMSA signed definitive agreements with GPC III, B.V. to sell its flexible packaging and label operations, Grafo Regia, S.A. de C.V. This transaction was part of FEMSA’s strategy to divest non-core assets. The transaction was closed on December 31, 2010.

During the third quarter of 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed a transaction with a Brazilian subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company to produce, sell and distribute Matte Leão branded products. This transaction will reinforce Coca-Cola FEMSA’s non-carbonated product offering through the platform that is operated by The Coca-Cola Company and its bottling partners in Brazil. As a part of the agreement, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been selling and distributing certain Matte Leão branded ready-to-drink products since the first quarter of 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA currently has a 13.84% indirect interest in the Matte Leão business in Brazil.

 

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On March 17, 2011, a consortium of investors formed by FEMSA, the Macquarie Mexican Infrastructure Fund and other investors, acquired Energía Alterna Istmeña, S. de R.L. de C.V., which we refer to as EAI, and Energía Eólica Mareña, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as EEM, from subsidiaries of Preneal, S.A., which we refer to as Preneal, for a transaction enterprise value of Ps. 1,063.5 million. FEMSA owns a 45% interest in the consortium. EAI and EEM are the owners of a 396 megawatt late-stage wind energy project in the south-eastern region of the State of Oaxaca. Certain subsidiaries of FEMSA, FEMSA Comercio and Coca-Cola FEMSA have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with EAI and EEM to purchase energy output produced by such companies. The project is currently in its long-term financing stage.

On March 28, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA, together with The Coca-Cola Company, acquired Grupo Estrella Azul (also known as Grupo Industrias Lacteas), which we refer to as Grupo Estrella Azul, a Panamanian company engaged for more than 50 years in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories. The Company acquired a 50% interest and will continue to develop this business jointly with The Coca-Cola Company. Beginning in April 2011, both The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA commenced the gradual integration of Grupo Estrella Azul into the existing beverage platform they share for the development of non-carbonated products in Panama.

 

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Ownership Structure

We conduct our business through our principal sub-holding companies as shown in the following diagram and table:

Principal Sub-holding Companies—Ownership Structure

As of May 31, 2011

LOGO

 

(1) Compañía Internacional de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as CIBSA.

 

(2) Percentage of capital stock, equal to 63.0% of capital stock with full voting rights.

 

(3) Grupo Industrial Emprex, S.A. de C.V.

 

(4) Ownership in CB Equity held through various FEMSA subsidiaries.

 

(5) Combined economic interest in Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V.

 

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The following tables present an overview of our operations by reportable segment and by geographic region under Mexican FRS:

Operations by Segment—Overview

Year Ended December 31, 2010 and % of growth vs. last year(1)

 

     Coca-Cola FEMSA     FEMSA Comercio     CB Equity(2)  
     (in millions of Mexican pesos,
except for employees and percentages)
 

Total revenues

     Ps.103,456         0.7     Ps.62,259         16.3   Ps. —           N/a   

Income from operations

     17,079         7.9        5,200         16.7        (3      N/a   

Total assets

     114,061         3.1        23,677         20.2        67,010         N/a   

Employees

     68,449         1.5        73,101         20.0        —           N/a   

Total Revenues Summary by Segment(1)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions of Mexican pesos)  

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   Ps. 103,456       Ps. 102,767       Ps. 82,976   

FEMSA Comercio

     62,259         53,549         47,146   

CB Equity(2)

     —           N/a         N/a   

Other

     12,010         10,991         9,401   

Consolidated total revenues(3)

   Ps. 169,702       Ps. 160,251       Ps. 133,808   

Total Revenues Summary by Geographic Region(4)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010      2009      2008  

Mexico(3)

   Ps. 105,448       Ps. 94,819       Ps. 84,920   

Latincentro(5)

     17,492         16,211         12,853   

Venezuela

     14,048         22,448         15,217   

Mercosur(3)(6)

     33,409         27,604         21,227   

Consolidated total revenues(3)

   Ps. 169,702       Ps. 160,251       Ps. 133,808   

 

(1) The sum of the financial data for each of our segments and percentages with respect thereto differ from our consolidated financial information due to intercompany transactions, which are eliminated in consolidation, and certain assets and activities of FEMSA.

 

(2) CB Equity holds Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. shares.

 

(3) For 2010, 2009 and 2008, consolidated total revenues have been modified to exclude FEMSA Cerveza financial information due to its presentation as a discontinued operation.

 

(4) The sum of the financial data for each geographic region differs from our consolidated financial information due to intercompany transactions, which are eliminated in consolidation.

 

(5) Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia.

 

(6) Includes Brazil and Argentina.

 

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Significant Subsidiaries

The following table sets forth our significant subsidiaries as of April 30, 2011:

 

Name of Company

   Jurisdiction of
Establishment
   Percentage
Owned
 

CIBSA

   Mexico      100.0

Coca-Cola FEMSA(1)

   Mexico        53.7

Propimex, S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico        53.7

Refrescos Latinoamericanos, S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico        53.7

Controladora Interamericana de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico        53.7

Coca-Cola FEMSA de Venezuela, S.A. (formerly Panamco Venezuela, S.A. de C.V.)

   Venezuela        53.7

Spal Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A.

   Brazil        52.5

Industria Nacional de Gaseosas, S.A.

   Colombia        53.7

FEMSA Comercio

   Mexico      100.0

CB Equity

   United Kingdom      100.0

 

(1) Percentage of capital stock. FEMSA owns 63.0% of the capital stock with full voting rights.

Business Strategy

FEMSA is a leading company that participates in the non-alcoholic beverage industry through Coca-Cola FEMSA, the largest independent bottler of Coca-Cola products in the world in terms of sales volume; in the retail industry through FEMSA Comercio, operating the largest and fastest-growing chain of convenience stores in Latin America, and in the beer industry, through its ownership of the second largest equity stake in Heineken, one of the world’s leading brewers with operations in over 70 countries.

We understand the importance of connecting with our end consumers by interpreting their needs, and ultimately delivering the right products to them for the right occasions and the optimal value proposition. We strive to achieve this by developing brand value, expanding our significant distribution capabilities, and improving the efficiency of our operations while aiming to reach our full potential. We continue to improve our information gathering and processing systems in order to better know and understand what our consumers want and need, and we are improving our production and distribution by more efficiently leveraging our asset base.

We believe that the competencies that our businesses have developed can be replicated in other geographic regions. This underlying principle guided our consolidation efforts, which culminated in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s acquisition of Panamco on May 6, 2003. The continental platform that this combination produced—encompassing a significant territorial expanse in Mexico and Central America, including some of the most populous metropolitan areas in Latin America—has provided us with opportunities to create value through both an improved ability to execute our strategies and the use of superior marketing tools. We have also increased our capabilities to operate and succeed in other geographic regions, by developing an understanding of local consumer needs and trends as is the case with OXXO’s new Colombian operations. Going forward, we can use those capabilities to continue our international expansion of both Coca-Cola FEMSA and OXXO.

Our ultimate objectives are achieving sustainable revenue growth, improving profitability and increasing the return on invested capital in each of our operations. We believe that by achieving these goals we will create sustainable value for our shareholders.

 

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Coca-Cola FEMSA

Overview

Coca-Cola FEMSA is the largest publicly listed bottler of Coca-Cola trademark beverages in the world, calculated by sales volume in 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA operates in the following territories:

 

   

Mexico – a substantial portion of central Mexico (including Mexico City and the states of Michoacán and Guanajuato) and southeast Mexico (including the Gulf region).

 

   

Central America – Guatemala (Guatemala City and surrounding areas), Nicaragua (nationwide), Costa Rica (nationwide) and Panama (nationwide).

 

   

Colombia – most of the country.

 

   

Venezuela – nationwide.

 

   

Argentina – Buenos Aires and surrounding areas.

 

   

Brazil – the area of greater São Paulo, Campinas, Santos, the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, the state of Minas Gerais and part of the state of Goiás.

Coca-Cola FEMSA was organized on October 30, 1991 as a sociedad anónima de capital variable (a variable capital stock corporation) under the laws of Mexico with a duration of 99 years. On December 5, 2006, as required by amendments to the Mexican Securities Law, Coca-Cola FEMSA became a sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable (a variable capital listed stock corporation). Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal executive offices are located at Guillermo González Camarena No. 600, Col. Centro de Ciudad Santa Fé, Delegación Álvaro Obregón, México, D.F., 01210, México. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s telephone number at this location is (52-55) 5081-5100. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s website is www.coca-colafemsa.com.

The following is an overview of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations by reporting segment in 2010:

Operations by Reporting Segment—Overview

Year Ended December 31, 2010(1)

 

     Total
Revenues
     Percentage of
Total Revenues
  Income from
Operations
   Percentage of
Income from
Operations

Mexico

     38,782       37.5%   6,605    38.7%

Latincentro(2)

     17,281       16.7%   3,022    17.7%

Venezuela

     14,033       13.6%   2,444    14.3%

Mercosur(3)

     33,360       32.2%   5,008    29.3%

Consolidated

     103,456       100%   17,079    100%

 

(1) Expressed in millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages.

 

(2) Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia.

 

(3) Includes Brazil and Argentina.

Corporate History

In 1979, one of our subsidiaries acquired certain sparkling beverage bottlers that are now a part of its company. At that time, the acquired bottlers had 13 Mexican distribution centers operating 701 distribution routes, and their production capacity was 83 million physical cases. In 1991, FEMSA transferred its ownership in the bottlers to FEMSA Refrescos, S.A. de C.V., the corporate predecessor to Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V.

 

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In June 1993, a subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company subscribed for 30% of Coca-Cola FEMSA capital stock in the form of Series D Shares for US$ 195 million. In September 1993, FEMSA sold Series L Shares that represented 19% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock to the public, and Coca-Cola FEMSA listed these shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and, in the form of ADSs, on the New York Stock Exchange. In a series of transactions between 1994 and 1997, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired territories in Argentina and additional territories in southern Mexico.

In May 2003, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired Panamco and began producing and distributing Coca-Cola trademark beverages in additional territories in the central and the gulf regions of Mexico and in Central America (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama), Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, along with bottled water, beer and other beverages in some of these territories. As a result of the acquisition, the interest of The Coca-Cola Company in the capital stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA increased from 30% to 39.6%.

During August 2004, Coca-Cola FEMSA conducted a rights offering to allow existing holders of its Series L Shares and ADSs to acquire newly-issued Series L Shares in the form of Series L Shares and ADSs, respectively, at the same price per share at which ourselves and The Coca-Cola Company subscribed in connection with the Panamco acquisition. On March 8, 2006, its shareholders approved the non-cancellation of the 98,684,857 Series L Shares (equivalent to approximately 9.87 million ADSs, or over one-third of the outstanding Series L Shares) that were not subscribed for in the rights offering which are available for issuance at an issuance price of no less than US$ 2.216 per share or its equivalent in Mexican currency.

On November 3, 2006, we acquired, through a subsidiary, 148,000,000 of Coca-Cola FEMSA Series D Shares from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company representing 9.4% of the total outstanding voting shares and 8.0% of the total outstanding equity, at a price of US$ 2.888 per share for an aggregate amount of US$ 427.4 million. With this purchase, we increased our ownership to 53.7% of Coca-Cola FEMSA capital stock. Pursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSA bylaws, the acquired shares were converted from Series D Shares to Series A Shares.

On November 8, 2007, a Mexican company owned directly or indirectly by Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 100% of the shares of capital stock of Jugos del Valle. See “—The Company—Corporate Background.”

In December 2007 and May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold most of its proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company for a total amount of US$ 64 million. Both of these transactions were conducted on an arm’s length basis. These trademarks are now being licensed to Coca-Cola FEMSA by The Coca-Cola Company subject to existing bottler agreements.

On May 30, 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into a transaction with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire its wholly-owned bottling territory, REMIL, located in the State of Minas Gerais in Brazil. During the second quarter of 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA closed this transaction for US$ 364.1 million. Coca-Cola FEMSA consolidates REMIL in its financial statements as of June 1, 2008.

In July 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired Agua de los Angeles, S.A. de C.V. (Agua de los Angeles), a water business in the Valley of Mexico, from Grupo Embotellador CIMSA S.A. de C.V., one of the Coca-Cola bottlers in Mexico, for US$ 18.3 million. The trademarks remain with The Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola FEMSA subsequently merged Agua de los Angeles into its jug water business under the Ciel brand.

In December 2008, Jugos del Valle sold its Brazilian operations, Holdinbrás, Ltd. to a subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSA and other bottlers of Coca-Cola trademark brands in Brazil. These operations were integrated into the Sucos Mais business, a joint venture with The Coca-Cola Company in Brazil.

In February 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the transaction with Bavaria, a subsidiary of SABMiller, to jointly acquire with The Coca-Cola Company the Brisa bottled water business in Colombia (including the Brisa brand). The purchase price of US$ 92 million was shared equally by Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company. Following a transition period, in June 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA began to sell and distribute the Brisa portfolio of products in that country.

 

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In May 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into an agreement to develop the Crystal trademark water products in Brazil jointly with The Coca-Cola Company.

In August 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired from The Coca-Cola Company along with other Brazilian Coca-Cola bottlers the business operations of the Matte Leao tea brand. Coca-Cola FEMSA currently has a 13.84% indirect interest in the Matte Leao business in Brazil.

On March 28, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA, together with The Coca-Cola Company, acquired Grupo Estrella Azul (also known as Grupo Industrias Lacteas), a Panamanian conglomerate that participates in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories in Panama. Coca-Cola FEMSA will continue to develop this business jointly with The Coca-Cola Company.

As of May 31, 2011, we indirectly owned Series A Shares equal to 53.7% of Coca-Cola FEMSA capital stock (63.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights). As of May 31, 2011, The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owned Series D Shares equal to 31.6% of the capital stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA (37% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock with full voting rights). Series L Shares with limited voting rights, which trade on the Mexican Stock Exchange and in the form of ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange, constitute the remaining 14.7% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock.

Business Strategy

Coca-Cola FEMSA is the largest bottler of Coca-Cola trademark beverages in Latin America in terms of total sales volume in 2010, with operations in Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil. While its corporate headquarters are in Mexico City, it has established divisional headquarters in the following three regions:

 

   

Mexico with headquarters in Mexico City;

 

   

Latincentro (covering territories in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela) with headquarters in San José, Costa Rica; and

 

   

Mercosur (covering territories in Argentina and Brazil) with headquarters in São Paulo, Brazil.

Coca-Cola FEMSA seeks to provide its shareholders with an attractive return on their investment by increasing its profitability. The key factors in achieving increased revenues and profitability are (1) transforming its commercial models to focus on its customers’ value potential and using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industry’s value potential; (2) implementing multi-segmentation strategies in its major markets to target distinct market clusters divided by consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socioeconomic levels; (3) implementing well-planned product, packaging and pricing strategies through different distribution channels; and (4) driving product innovation along its different product categories and (5) achieving the full operating potential of its commercial models and processes to drive operational efficiencies throughout its company. To achieve these goals Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to focus its efforts on, among other initiatives, the following:

 

   

working with The Coca-Cola Company to develop a business model to continue exploring and participating in new lines of beverages, extending existing product lines and effectively advertising and marketing its products;

 

   

developing and expanding its still beverage portfolio through innovation, strategic acquisitions and by entering into joint ventures with The Coca-Cola Company;

 

   

expanding its bottled water strategy, in conjunction with The Coca-Cola Company through innovation and selective acquisitions to maximize its profitability across its market territories;

 

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strengthening its selling capabilities and go-to-market strategies, including pre-sale, conventional selling and hybrid routes, in order to get closer to its clients and help them satisfy the beverage needs of consumers;

 

   

implementing packaging strategies designed to increase consumer demand for its products and to build a strong returnable base for the Coca-Cola brand selectively;

 

   

replicating its best practices throughout the whole value chain;

 

   

rationalizing and adapting its organizational and asset structure in order to be in a better position to respond to a changing competitive environment;

 

   

committing to building a multi-cultural collaborative team, from top to bottom; and

 

   

broadening its geographical footprint through organic growth and strategic acquisitions.

Coca-Cola FEMSA seeks to increase per capita consumption of its products in the territories in which it operates. To that end, its marketing teams continuously develop sales strategies tailored to the different characteristics of its various territories and distribution channels. Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to develop its product portfolio to better meet market demand and maintain its overall profitability. To stimulate and respond to consumer demand, it continues to introduce new categories, products and new presentations. See “—Product and Packaging Mix.” It also seeks to increase placement of coolers, including promotional displays, in retail outlets to showcase and promote its products. In addition, because it views its relationship with The Coca-Cola Company as integral to its business, it uses market information systems and strategies developed with The Coca-Cola Company to improve its business and marketing strategies. See “—Marketing—Channel Marketing.”

In each of its facilities, Coca-Cola FEMSA seeks to increase productivity through infrastructure and process reengineering for improved asset utilization. Its capital expenditure program includes investments in production and distribution facilities, bottles, cases, coolers and information systems. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that this program will allow it to maintain its capacity and flexibility to innovate and to respond to consumer demand for its non-alcoholic beverages.

Coca-Cola FEMSA focuses on management quality as a key element of its growth strategy and remains committed to fostering the development of quality management at all levels. Both The Coca-Cola Company and we provide Coca-Cola FEMSA with managerial experience. To build upon these skills, Coca-Cola FEMSA also offers management training programs designed to enhance its executives’ abilities and to provide a forum for exchanging experiences, know-how and talent among an increasing number of multinational executives from its new and existing territories.

Sustainable development is an important pillar of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s strategy. Coca-Cola FEMSA continually develops programs that ensure the creation of social and economic value by fostering the quality of life of its employees, promoting a culture of health and well-being, supporting its surrounding communities and minimizing its operations’ environmental impact.

 

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Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Territories

The following map shows Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, giving estimates in each case of the population to which it offers products, the number of retailers of its sparkling beverages and the per capita consumption of its sparkling beverages as of December 31, 2010:

LOGO

Per capita consumption data for a territory is determined by dividing sparkling beverage sales volume within the territory (in bottles, cans and fountain containers) by the estimated population within such territory, and is expressed on the basis of the number of eight-ounce servings of Coca-Cola FEMSA products consumed annually per capita. In evaluating the development of local volume sales in its territories and to determine product potential, Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company measure, among other factors, the per capita consumption of its sparkling beverages.

 

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Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Products

Coca-Cola FEMSA produces, markets and distributes Coca-Cola trademark beverages, proprietary brands and brands licensed from us through 2010. The Coca-Cola trademark beverages include: sparkling beverages (colas and flavored sparkling beverages); water; and still beverages (including juice drinks, ready-to-drink teas and isotonics). In December 2007 and May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold most of its proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company.”

 

Colas:

   Mexico      Latincentro(1)      Venezuela      Mercosur(2)  

Coca-Cola

   ü         ü         ü         ü     

Coca-Cola Light

   ü         ü         ü         ü     

Coca-Cola Zero

   ü         ü         ü         ü     

Flavored sparkling beverages:

   Mexico      Latincentro(1)      Venezuela      Mercosur(2)  

Aquarius Fresh

            ü     

Chinotto

         ü        

Crush

      ü            ü     

Fanta

   ü         ü            ü     

Fresca

   ü         ü           

Frescolita

      ü         ü        

Hit

         ü        

Kuat

            ü     

Lift

   ü         ü           

Mundet(3)

   ü              

Quatro

      ü            ü     

Simba

            ü     

Sprite

   ü         ü            ü     

Water:

   Mexico      Latincentro(1)      Venezuela      Mercosur(2)  

Alpina

      ü           

Brisa

      ü           

Ciel

   ü              

Crystal

            ü     

Kin

            ü     

Manantial

      ü           

Nevada

         ü        

Other Categories:

   Mexico      Latincentro(1)      Venezuela      Mercosur(2)  

Aquarius(4)

            ü     

Cepita

            ü     

Hi-C(5)

      ü           

Jugos del Valle(5)

   ü         ü            ü     

Nestea

   ü         ü         ü        

Powerade(6)

   ü         ü         ü         ü     

Matte Leão(7)

            ü     

 

(1) Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia.

 

(2) Includes Brazil and Argentina.

 

(3) Brand in Mexico sold by FEMSA to The Coca-Cola Company in September 2010 through The Coca-Cola Company’s acquisition of 100% of the equity interest of Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V. Coca-Cola FEMSA remains the licensee of the Mundet trademark under license agreements with Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V.

 

(4) Flavored water. In Brazil, also flavored sparkling beverage.

 

(5) Juice-based beverage. Includes ValleFrut in Mexico and Fresh in Colombia.

 

(6) Isotonic.

 

(7) Ready to drink tea.

 

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Sales Overview

Coca-Cola FEMSA measures total sales volume in terms of unit cases. Unit case refers to 192 ounces of finished beverage product (24 eight-ounce servings) and, when applied to soda fountains, refers to the volume of syrup, powders and concentrate that is required to produce 192 ounces of finished beverage product. The following table illustrates its historical sales volume for each of its territories.

 

     Sales Volume
Year Ended December 31,
 
     2010      2009      2008  
     (millions of unit cases)  

Mexico

     1,242.3         1,227.2         1,149.0   

Latincentro

        

Central America(1)

     137.0         135.8         132.6   

Colombia(2)

     244.3         232.2         197.9   

Venezuela

     211.0         225.2         206.7   

Mercosur

        

Brazil(3)

     475.6         424.1         370.6   

Argentina

     189.3         184.1         186.0   
                          

Combined Volume

     2,499.5         2,428.6         2,242.8   

 

(1) Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.

 

(2) As of June 1, 2009, includes sales from the Brisa bottled water business.

 

(3) Excludes beer sales volume. As of June 1, 2008, includes sales from REMIL. As of the first quarter of 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA began to distribute certain ready to drink products under the Matte Leao brand.

Product and Packaging Mix

Out of the more than 100 brands and line extensions of beverages sold and distributed by Coca-Cola FEMSA, their most important brand, Coca-Cola, together with its line extensions, Coca-Cola Light and Coca-Cola Zero, accounted for 61.7% of total sales volume in 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s next largest brands, Ciel (a water brand from Mexico), Fanta (and its line extensions), Sprite (and its line extensions) and ValleFrut (and its line extensions), accounted for 9.9%, 5.8%, 2.6%, and 2.2%, respectively, of total sales volume in 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA uses the term line extensions to refer to the different flavors in which it offers its brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA produces, markets and distributes Coca-Cola trademark beverages in each of its territories in containers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company, which consist of a variety of returnable and non-returnable presentations in the form of glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles made of polyethylene therephthalate, which we refer to as PET.

Coca-Cola FEMSA uses the term presentation to refer to the packaging unit in which it sells its products. Presentation sizes for its Coca-Cola trademark beverages range from a 6.5-ounce personal size to a 3-liter multiple serving size. For all of its products excluding water, Coca-Cola FEMSA considers a multiple serving size as equal to, or larger than, 1.0 liter. In general, personal sizes have a higher price per unit case as compared to multiple serving sizes. Coca-Cola FEMSA offers both returnable and non-returnable presentations, which allow Coca-Cola FEMSA to offer portfolio alternatives based on convenience and affordability to implement revenue management strategies and to target specific distribution channels and population segments in its territories. In addition, it sells some Coca-Cola trademark beverage syrups in containers designed for soda fountain use, which it refers to as fountain. It also sells bottled water products in bulk sizes, which refers to presentations equal to or larger than 5 liters, that have a much lower average price per unit case than its other beverage products.

The characteristics of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories are very diverse. Central Mexico and its territories in Argentina are densely populated and have a large number of competing sparkling beverages brands as compared

 

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to the rest of its territories. Its territories in Brazil are densely populated but have lower per capita consumption of sparkling beverage products as compared to Mexico. Portions of southern Mexico, Central America and Colombia are large and mountainous areas with lower population density, lower per capita income and lower per capita consumption of sparkling beverages. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA faces operational disruptions from time to time, which may have an effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s volumes sold, and consequently, lower per capita consumption.

The following discussion analyzes Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product and packaging mix by reporting segment. The volume data presented is for the years 2010, 2009 and 2008.

Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio consists of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. In 2008, as part of its efforts to strengthen its multi-category beverage portfolio, Coca-Cola FEMSA incorporated the Jugos del Valle line of juice based beverages. Total beverage per capita consumption of its products in its Mexican territories in 2010 was 598 eight-ounce servings.

The following table highlights historical sales volume and mix in Mexico for its products:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  
     (millions of unit cases)  

Total Sales Volume

      

Total

     1,242.3        1,227.2        1,149.0   

% Growth

     1.2     6.8     3.5
     (in percentages)  

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

      

Sparkling beverages

     74.1     73.4     75.4

Water(1)

     20.6        21.5        21.6   

Still beverages

     5.3        5.1        3.0   
                        

Total

     100.0     100.0     100.0
                        

 

(1) Includes bulk water volumes.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most popular sparkling beverage presentations were the 2.5-liter returnable plastic bottle, the 0.6-liter non-returnable plastic bottle (the 20-ounce bottle that is also popular in the United States) and the 3.0-liter non-returnable plastic bottle, which together accounted for 54.3% of total sparkling beverage sales volume in Mexico in 2010. In 2010, multiple serving presentations represented 67.5% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Mexico, a 3.2% increase compared to 2009. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s commercial strategy is to foster consumption in single serving presentations while maintaining multiple serving volumes. In 2010, its sparkling beverages increased as a percentage of its total sales volume from 73.4% in 2009 to 74.1% in 2010, mainly due to a decrease of the bulk water business and the strong preference of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s consumers for the Coca-Cola brand.

Total sales volume reached 1,242.3 million unit cases in 2010, an increase of 1.2% compared to 1,227.2 million unit cases in 2009. Sparkling beverage sales volume increased 2.3% as compared to 2009. The sparkling beverage category and the still beverage category accounted for total incremental volumes during the year.

Latincentro (excluding Venezuela). Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total sales volume in Latincentro consist predominantly of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. Per capita consumption of its beverage products in Colombia and Central America was 127 and 171 eight-ounce servings, respectively, in 2010.

 

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The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Latincentro:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  
     (millions of unit cases)  

Total Sales Volume

      

Total

     381.3        368.0        330.5   

% Growth

     3.6     11.3     1.4
     (in percentages)  

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

      

Sparkling beverages

     76.9     79.3     87.9

Water(1)

     15.3     13.0     7.7

Still beverages

     7.8     7.7     4.4
                        

Total

     100.0     100.0     100.0
                        

 

(1) Includes bulk water volume.

In 2010, multiple serving presentations as a percentage of total sparkling beverage sales volume, represented 56.3% in Central America and 58.7% in Colombia. In 2008, as part of its efforts to strengthen its multi-category beverage portfolio, Coca-Cola FEMSA incorporated the Jugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages. The acquisition of Brisa in 2009 helped Coca-Cola FEMSA to become leader, based on sales volume, in the water market in Colombia.

Total sales volume was 381.3 million unit cases in 2010, increasing 3.6% compared to 368.0 million in 2009. Water sales, including bulk water, represented approximately 80% of total incremental volume, mainly driven by the integration of the Brisa bottled water business in Colombia. Sparkling beverages, driven by the Coca-Cola brand and still beverages, mainly driven by the Jugos del Valle line of products and Nestea, represented the balance. See “—The Company—Corporate Background.”

Venezuela. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio in Venezuela consists of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. Per capita consumption of its beverages in Venezuela during 2010 was 175 eight-ounce servings.

The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Venezuela:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  
     (millions of unit cases)  

Total Sales Volume

      

Total

     211.0        225.2        206.7   

% Growth

     (6.3 %)      9.0     (1.1 )% 
     (in percentages)  

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

      

Sparkling beverages

     91.2     91.7     91.3

Water(1)

     5.4     5.0     5.8

Still beverages

     3.4     3.3     2.9
                        

Total

     100.0     100.0     100.0
                        

 

(1) Includes bulk water volume.

Coca-Cola FEMSA implemented a product portfolio rationalization strategy that allows it to minimize the impact of certain operating disruptions that have been recurrent in the last several years. During 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA faced a difficult economic environment that prevented it from growing sales volume for its products, and its sparkling beverage volume decreased by 6.8%.

 

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In 2010, multiple serving presentations represented 77.6% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Venezuela. Total sales volume was 211.0 million unit cases in 2010, a decrease of 6.3% compared to 225.2 million in 2009.

Mercosur (Brazil and Argentina). Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio in Mercosur consists mainly of Coca-Cola trademark beverages and the Kaiser beer brand in Brazil, which Coca-Cola FEMSA sells and distributes. In 2009, as part of its efforts to strengthen its multi-category beverage portfolio, Coca-Cola FEMSA incorporated the Jugos del Valle line of juice based beverages in Brazil. Per capita consumption of its beverages in Brazil and Argentina was 259 and 374 eight-ounce servings, respectively, in 2010.

The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Mercosur, not including beer:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  
     (millions of unit cases)  

Total Sales Volume

      

Total

     664.9        608.2        556.6   

% Growth

     9.3     9.3     17.1
     (in percentages)  

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

      

Sparkling beverages

     90.8     92.0     93.3

Water(1)

     4.2        4.1        4.2   

Still beverages

     5.0        3.9        2.5   
                        

Total

     100.0     100.0     100.0
                        

 

(1) Includes bulk water volume.

In 2008, in its continued effort to develop the still beverage category in Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA launched Aquarius, a flavored water. During 2010, as part of its efforts to foster sparkling beverage per capita consumption in Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA re-launched a 2.0 liter returnable plastic bottle for the Coca-Cola brand and introduced two single-serve 0.25-liter presentations. These presentations accounted for close to 50% of incremental volumes in Brazil.

Total sales volume was 664.9 million unit cases in 2010, an increase of 9.3% compared to 608.2 million in 2009. Growth in sparkling beverages mainly driven by the sales of the Coca-Cola brand in both Brazil and Argentina, accounted for close to 80% of the growth during the year. Growth in still beverages, mainly driven by the Jugos del Valle line of products in Brazil and Aquarius flavored water in Argentina, represented more than 15% incremental volumes. In 2010, returnable packaging, as a percentage of total sparkling beverage sales volume, accounted for 28.5% in Argentina and 14.9% in Brazil. In 2010, multiple serving presentations represented 71.1% and 84.6% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Brazil and Argentina, respectively.

Coca-Cola FEMSA sells and distributes the Kaiser brands of beer in its territories in Brazil. In January 2006, FEMSA Cerveza acquired a controlling stake in Cervejarias Kaiser. Since that time, Coca-Cola FEMSA has distributed the Kaiser beer portfolio in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian territories, consistent with the arrangements between Coca-Cola FEMSA and Cervejarias Kaiser in place prior to 2004. Beginning in the second quarter of 2005, Coca-Cola FEMSA ceased including beer that it distributes in Brazil in its reported sales volumes. On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. Coca-Cola FEMSA has agreed with Cervejarias Kaiser to continue to distribute and sell the Kaiser beer portfolio in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian territories through the 20-year term of the arrangement in place prior to 2004.

 

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Seasonality

Sales of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products are seasonal, as its sales levels generally increase during the summer months of each country and during the Christmas holiday season. In Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA typically achieves its highest sales during the summer months of April through September as well as during the Christmas holidays in December. In Argentina and Brazil, its highest sales levels occur during the summer months of October through March and the Christmas holidays in December.

Marketing

Coca-Cola FEMSA, in conjunction with The Coca-Cola Company, has developed a marketing strategy to promote the sale and consumption of its products. Coca-Cola FEMSA relies extensively on advertising, sales promotions and retailer support programs to target the particular preferences of its soft drink consumers. Its consolidated marketing expenses in 2010, net of contributions by The Coca-Cola Company, were Ps. 3,979 million. The Coca-Cola Company contributed an additional Ps. 2,386 million in 2010, which mainly includes contributions for coolers, bottles and cases. Through the use of advanced information technology, it has collected customer and consumer information that allows it to tailor its marketing strategies to target different types of customers located in each of its territories and to meet the specific needs of the various markets it serves.

Retailer Support Programs. Support programs include providing retailers point-of-sale display materials and consumer sales promotions such as contests, sweepstakes and the giveaway of product samples.

Coolers. Cooler distribution among retailers is important for the visibility and consumption of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products and to ensure that they are sold at the proper temperature.

Advertising. Coca-Cola FEMSA advertises in all major communications media. It focuses its advertising efforts on increasing brand recognition by consumers and improving its customer relations. National advertising campaigns are designed and proposed by The Coca-Cola Company’s local affiliates, with Coca-Cola FEMSA’s input at the local or regional level.

Channel Marketing. In order to provide more dynamic and specialized marketing of its products, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s strategy is to classify its markets and develop targeted efforts for each consumer segment or distribution channel. Its principal channels are small retailers, “on-premise” consumption such as restaurants and bars, supermarkets and third-party distributors. Presence in these channels entails a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the purchasing patterns and preferences of various groups of soft drink consumers in each of the different types of locations or distribution channels. In response to this analysis, Coca-Cola FEMSA tailors its product, price, packaging and distribution strategies to meet the particular needs of and exploit the potential of each channel.

Multi-Segmentation. Coca-Cola FEMSA has been implementing a multi-segmentation strategy in the majority of its markets. This strategy consists on the implementation of different product/price/package portfolios by market cluster or group. These clusters are defined based on consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socio-economic levels, rather than solely on the types of distribution channels.

Client Value Management. Coca-Cola FEMSA has been transforming its commercial models to focus on its customers’ value potential using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industry’s potential. Coca-Cola FEMSA has started the rollout of this new model in its Mexico, Brazil, Colombia and Central America operations.

Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that the implementation of its channel marketing strategy also enables it to respond to competitive initiatives with channel-specific responses as opposed to market-wide responses. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s channel marketing activities are facilitated by its management information systems. Coca-Cola FEMSA has invested significantly in creating these systems, including in hand-held computers to support the gathering of product, consumer and delivery information, for most of its sales routes throughout its territories.

 

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Product Sales and Distribution

The following table provides an overview of its distribution centers and the number of retailers to which it sells its products:

Product Distribution Summary

as of December 31, 2010

 

     Mexico      Latincentro(1)      Venezuela      Mercosur(2)  

Distribution centers

     83         57         32         32   

Retailers(3)

     621,053         474,387         211,568         269,349   

 

(1) Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia.

 

(2) Includes Brazil and Argentina.

 

(3) Estimated.

Coca-Cola FEMSA continuously evaluates its distribution model in order to fit with the local dynamics of the market place and to analyze the way it goes to market, recognizing different service needs from its customers, while looking for a more efficient distribution model. As part of this strategy, Coca-Cola FEMSA is rolling out a variety of new distribution models throughout its territories looking for improvements in its distribution network.

Coca-Cola FEMSA uses several sales and distribution models depending on market, geographic conditions and the customer’s profile: (1) the pre-sale system, which separates the sales and delivery functions, permitting trucks to be loaded with the mix of products that retailers have previously ordered, thereby increasing both sales and distribution efficiency, (2) the conventional truck route system, in which the person in charge of the delivery makes immediate sales from inventory available on the truck, (3) a hybrid distribution system, where the same truck carries product available for immediate sale and product previously ordered through the pre-sale system, (4) the telemarketing system, which could be combined with pre-sales visits and (5) sales through third-party wholesalers of its products.

As part of the pre-sale system, sales personnel also provides merchandising services during retailer visits, which it believes enhance the shopper experience at the point of sale. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that an adequate number of service visits to retailers and frequency of deliveries are essential elements in an effective selling and distribution system for its products.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s distribution centers range from large warehousing facilities and re-loading centers to small deposit centers. In addition to its fleet of trucks, Coca-Cola FEMSA distributes its products in certain locations through a fleet of electric carts and hand-trucks in order to comply with local environmental and traffic regulations. In some of its territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA retains third parties to transport its finished products from the bottling plants to the distribution centers.

Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA contracts with one of our subsidiaries for the transportation of finished products to its distribution centers from its Mexican production facilities. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.” From the distribution centers, it then distributes its finished products to retailers through its own fleet of trucks.

In Mexico, Coca-Cola FEMSA sells a majority of its beverages at small retail stores to consumers who may take the beverages for consumption at home or elsewhere. Coca-Cola FEMSA also sells products through the “on-premise” consumer segment, supermarkets and other locations. The “on-premise” consumer segment consists of sales through sidewalk stands, restaurants, bars and various types of dispensing machines as well as sales through point-of-sale programs in concert halls, auditoriums and theaters.

Brazil. In Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold 21.4% of its total sales volume through supermarkets in 2010. Also in Brazil, the delivery of its finished products to customers is by a third-party. In designated zones in Brazil,

 

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third-party distributors purchase its products at a discount from the wholesale price and resell the products to retailers.

Territories other than Mexico and Brazil. Coca-Cola FEMSA distributes its finished products to retailers through a combination of its own fleet of trucks and third-party distributors. In most of its territories, an important part of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total sales volume is sold through small retailers, with low supermarket penetration.

Competition

Although we believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products enjoy wider recognition and greater consumer loyalty than those of its principal competitors, the markets in the territories in which it operates are highly competitive. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitors are local Pepsi bottlers and other bottlers and distributors of national and regional sparkling beverage brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA faces increased competition in many of its territories from producers of low price beverages, commonly referred to as “B brands.” A number of its competitors in Central America, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina offer beer in addition to sparkling beverages, still beverages, and water, which may enable them to achieve distribution efficiencies.

Price discounting and packaging have joined consumer sales promotions, customer service and non-price retailer incentives as the primary means of competition among bottlers. Coca-Cola FEMSA competes by seeking to offer products at an attractive price in the different segments in its markets and by building on the value of its brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that the introduction of new products and new presentations has been a significant competitive technique that allows it to increase demand for its products, provide different options to consumers and increase new consumption opportunities. See “—Sales Overview.”

Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitors in Mexico are bottlers of Pepsi products, whose territories overlap but are not co-extensive with its own. In central Mexico Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with a subsidiary of PepsiCo, Pepsi Beverage Company, the largest bottler of Pepsi products globally, and Grupo Embotelladores Unidos, S.A.B. de C.V., the Pepsi bottler in central and southeast Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competition in the juice category in Mexico is Grupo Jumex. In the water category, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Bonafont, a water brand owned by Groupe Danone. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with Cadbury Schweppes in sparkling beverages and with other national and regional brands in its Mexican territories, as well as low-price producers, such as Big Cola and Consorcio AGA, S.A. de C.V., that offer various presentations of sparkling and still beverages.

Latincentro (excluding Venezuela). Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitor in Colombia is Postobón, a well-established local bottler that sells flavored sparkling beverages, some of which have a wide consumption preference, such as manzana Postobón (apple Postobón), which is the second most popular flavor in the Colombian sparkling beverage industry in terms of total sales volume. Postobón also sells Pepsi products. Postobón is a vertically integrated producer, the owners of which hold other significant commercial interests in Colombia. It also competes with low-price producers, such as the producers of Big Cola, which principally offer multiple serving size presentations in the sparkling and still beverage industry.

In the countries that comprise Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Central America region, its main competitors are Pepsi and Big Cola bottlers. In Guatemala and Nicaragua, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with a joint venture between AmBev and The Central American Bottler Corporation. In Costa Rica, its principal competitor is Florida Bebidas S.A., subsidiary of Florida Ice and Farm Co. S.A. In Panama, its main competitor is Cervecería Nacional, S.A. Coca-Cola FEMSA also faces competition from low-price producers offering multiple serving size presentations in some Central American countries.

Venezuela. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Pepsi-Cola Venezuela, C.A., a joint venture formed between PepsiCo and Empresas Polar, S.A., the leading beer distributor in the country. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes with the producers of Big Cola in parts of the country.

Mercosur (Brazil and Argentina). In Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes against AmBev, a Brazilian company with a portfolio of brands that includes Pepsi, local brands with flavors such as guaraná, and proprietary

 

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beers. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes against “B brands” or “Tubainas,” which are small, local producers of low-cost flavored sparkling beverages in multiple serving presentations that represent a significant portion of the sparkling beverage market.

In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Buenos Aires Embotellador S.A. (BAESA), a Pepsi bottler, which is owned by Argentina’s principal brewery, Quilmes Industrial S.A., and indirectly controlled by AmBev. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with a number of competitors offering generic, low-priced sparkling beverages as well as many other generic products and private label proprietary supermarket brands.

Raw Materials

Pursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements, Coca-Cola FEMSA is authorized to manufacture, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages within specific geographic areas, and it is required to purchase in some of its territories for all Coca-Cola trademark beverages concentrate from companies designated by The Coca-Cola Company and artificial sweeteners from companies authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. Concentrate prices for sparkling beverages are determined as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency net of applicable taxes. Although The Coca-Cola Company has the right to unilaterally set the price of concentrates, in practice this percentage has historically been set pursuant to periodic negotiations with The Coca-Cola Company.

In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company decided to gradually increase concentrate prices for sparkling beverages in Brazil and Mexico. These increases were fully implemented in Brazil in 2008 and in Mexico in 2009. As part of the cooperation framework that Coca-Cola FEMSA reached with The Coca-Cola Company at the end of 2006, The Coca-Cola Company will provide a relevant portion of the funds derived from the concentrate increase for marketing support of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sparkling and still beverages portfolio. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company.”

In addition to concentrate, Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases sweeteners, carbon dioxide and other raw materials, resin and ingots to make plastic bottles, finished plastic and glass bottles, cans, closures and fountain containers, as well as other packaging materials. Sweeteners are combined with water to produce basic syrup, which is added to the concentrate as the sweetener for most of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s beverages. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements provide that, with respect to Coca-Cola trademark beverages, these materials may be purchased only from suppliers approved by The Coca-Cola Company, including affiliates of FEMSA. Prices for packaging materials and high fructose corn syrup historically have been determined with reference to the U.S. dollar, although the local currency equivalent in a particular country is subject to price volatility in accordance with changes in exchange rates. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most significant packaging raw material costs arise from the purchase of resin, plastic ingots to make plastic bottles and finished plastic bottles, which it obtains from international and local producers. The prices of these materials are tied to crude oil prices and global resin supply. In recent years, Coca-Cola FEMSA has experienced volatility in the prices it pays for these materials. Across Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, its average price for resin in U.S. dollars increased in 2010 as compared to 2009.

Under Coca-Cola FEMSA’s agreements with The Coca-Cola Company, it may use raw or refined sugar or high fructose corn syrup as sweeteners in its products. Sugar prices in all of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, other than Brazil, are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause it to pay in excess of international market prices for sugar in certain countries. During 2010, international sugar prices experienced significant volatility.

None of the materials or supplies that Coca-Cola FEMSA uses is presently in short supply, although the supply of specific materials could be adversely affected by strikes, weather conditions, governmental controls or national emergency situations.

Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases its returnable plastic bottles from Graham Packaging México, S.A. de C.V., known as Graham, which is the exclusive supplier of returnable plastic bottles to The Coca-Cola Company and its bottlers in Mexico. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA mainly purchases resin from Arteva Specialties, S. de R.L. de C.V., M. & G. Polímeros México S.A. de C.V. and DAK Resinas Americas Mexico S.A. de C.V., which

 

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ALPLA México S.A. de C.V., known as ALPLA, and Envases Innovativos de México S.A. de C.V. manufacture into non-returnable plastic bottles for Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases all of its cans for its Mexican operations from Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladoras, S.A. de C.V., known as PROMESA, a cooperative of Coca-Cola bottlers, in which Coca-Cola FEMSA indirectly holds a 15% equity interest. Coca-Cola mainly purchases its glass bottles from Compañía Vidriera, S.A. de C.V., known as VITRO, and Silices de Veracruz, S.A. de C.V., known as SIVESA, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma and the Heineken Group.

Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases sugar from, among other suppliers, Beta San Miguel, S.A. de C.V., a sugar cane producer in which it currently holds a 2.6% equity interest. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases high fructose corn syrup form CPIngredientes, S.A. de C.V. and Almidones Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V., known as Almex.

Imported sugar is subject to import duties, the amount of which is set by the Mexican government. As a result, sugar prices in Mexico are in excess of international market prices for sugar. In 2010, sugar prices increased compared to 2009.

Latincentro (excluding Venezuela). In Colombia, Coca-Cola FEMSA uses sugar as a sweetener in most of its products, which it buys from several domestic sources. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases plastic bottles from Amcor and Tapón Corona de Colombia S.A. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases all its glass bottles from Peldar O-I and cans from Crown, both suppliers in which Grupo Ardila Lulle, owners of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s competitor, Postobón, owns an equity interest. Glass bottles and cans are available only from theses local sources.

In Central America, the majority of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s raw materials such as glass and plastic bottles and cans are purchased from several local suppliers. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases all of its cans for its Central American operations from PROMESA. Sugar is available from suppliers that represent several local producers. Local sugar prices, in the countries that comprise the region, have increased mainly due to volatility in international prices. In Costa Rica, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires plastic non-returnable bottles from ALPLA C.R. S.A., and in Nicaragua it acquires such plastic bottles from ALPLA Nicaragua, S.A.

Venezuela. Coca-Cola FEMSA uses sugar as a sweetener in most of its products, which it purchases mainly from the local market. Since 2003, from time to time, Coca-Cola FEMSA has experienced a sugar shortage due to lower domestic production and the inability of the predominant sugar importers to obtain permission to import in a timely manner. Sugar supply was affected in 2010 due to (1) shortages in local sugar cane production, (2) quotas imposed by the government to sugar suppliers that limit the quantity of sugar that can be delivered (3) a production decrease by certain sugar mills. We cannot assure you that Coca-Cola FEMSA will be able to meet its sugar requirements in the long-term if sugar supply conditions do not improve. Coca-Cola FEMSA buys glass bottles from one local supplier, Productos de Vidrio, S.A., but there are alternative suppliers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires most of its plastic non-returnable bottles from ALPLA de Venezuela, S.A. and all of its aluminum cans from a local producer, Dominguez Continental, C.A.

Under current regulations promulgated by the Venezuelan authorities, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s ability to import some of its raw materials and other supplies used in its production could be limited, and access to the official exchange rate for these items for Coca-Cola FEMSA and its suppliers, including, among others, resin, aluminum, plastic caps, distribution trucks and vehicles, is only achieved by obtaining proper approvals from the relevant authorities.

Mercosur (Brazil and Argentina). Sugar is available in Brazil at local market prices, which historically have been similar to international prices. Sugar prices in Brazil in recent periods have been volatile, mainly due to the increased demand for sugar cane for production of alternative fuels, and Coca-Cola FEMSA’s average acquisition cost for sugar in 2010 increased. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases glass bottles, plastic bottles and cans from several domestic and international suppliers.

Argentina. In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA mainly uses high fructose corn syrup that it purchases from several different local suppliers as a sweetener in its products instead of sugar. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases glass

 

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bottles, plastic cases and other raw materials from several domestic sources. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases pre-formed plastic ingots, as well as returnable plastic bottles, at competitive prices from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina S.A., a Coca-Cola bottler with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil, and other local suppliers. Coca-Cola FEMSA also acquires pre-formed plastic ingots from ALPLA Avellaneda S.A. Coca-Cola FEMSA produces its own can presentations for distribution of its products to customers in Buenos Aires.

Plants and Facilities

Over the past several years, Coca-Cola FEMSA made significant capital investments to modernize its facilities and improve operating efficiency and productivity, including:

 

   

increasing the annual capacity of its bottling plants by installing new production lines;

 

   

installing clarification facilities to process different types of sweeteners;

 

   

installing plastic bottle-blowing equipment;

 

   

modifying equipment to increase flexibility to produce different presentations, including faster sanitation and changeover times on production lines; and

 

   

closing obsolete production facilities.

As of December 31, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA owned thirty bottling plants company-wide. By country, it has nine bottling facilities in Mexico, five in Central America, six in Colombia, four in Venezuela, four in Brazil and two in Argentina.

As of December 31, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA operated 204 distribution centers, approximately 40% of which were in its Mexican territories. Coca-Cola FEMSA owns more than 88% of these distribution centers and leases the remainder. See “—Product Sales and Distribution.”

The table below summarizes by country the principal use, installed capacity and percentage utilization of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s production facilities:

Bottling Facility Summary

As of December 31, 2010

 

Country

   Installed Capacity
(thousands of unit cases)
     %
Utilization(1)
 

Mexico

     1,651,786         73

Guatemala

     35,909         72

Nicaragua

     63,674         55

Costa Rica

     85,194         53

Panama

     41,428         60

Colombia

     484,344         50

Venezuela

     266,859         76

Brazil

     630,276         69

Argentina

     277,992         67

 

(1) Annualized rate.

 

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FEMSA Comercio

Overview and Background

FEMSA Comercio operates the largest chain of convenience stores in Mexico, measured in terms of number of stores as of December 31, 2010, under the trade name OXXO. As of December 31, 2010, FEMSA Comercio operated 8,426 OXXO stores, of which 8,409 are located throughout the country, with a particularly strong presence in the northern part of Mexico, and the remaining 17 stores are located in Bogotá, Colombia.

FEMSA Comercio, the largest single customer of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma and of the Coca-Cola system in Mexico, was established by FEMSA in 1978 when two OXXO stores were opened in Monterrey, one store in Mexico City and another store in Guadalajara. The motivating factor behind FEMSA’s entrance into the retail industry was to enhance beer sales through company-owned retail outlets as well as to gather information on customer preferences. In 2010, sales of beer through OXXO represented 16.1% of FEMSA Comercio’s revenues. In 2010, a typical OXXO store carried 2,059 different store keeping units (SKUs) in 31 main product categories.

In recent years, FEMSA Comercio has gained importance as an effective distribution channel for our beverage products, as well as a rapidly growing point of contact with our consumers. Based on the belief that location plays a major role in the long-term success of a retail operation such as a convenience store, as well as a role in our continually improving ability to accelerate and streamline the new-store development process, FEMSA Comercio has focused on a strategy of rapid, profitable growth. FEMSA Comercio opened 811, 960 and 1,092 net new OXXO stores in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. The accelerated expansion in the number of stores yielded total revenue growth of 16.3% to reach Ps. 62,259 million in 2010. Same store sales increased an average of 5.2% driven by an increase in store traffic. Starting in 2008, FEMSA Comercio revenues reflect an accounting effect of the mix shift from physical prepaid wireless air-time cards to the sale of electronic air-time for which only the margin is recorded, not the full revenue amount of the electronic recharge. FEMSA Comercio performed approximately 2.3 billion transactions in 2010 compared to 2.0 billion in 2009.

Business Strategy

A fundamental element of FEMSA Comercio’s business strategy is to utilize its position in the convenience store market to grow in a cost-effective and profitable manner. As a market leader in convenience store retailing, based on internal company surveys, management believes that FEMSA Comercio has an in-depth understanding of its markets and significant expertise in operating a national store chain. FEMSA Comercio intends to continue increasing its store base while capitalizing on the market knowledge gained at existing stores.

FEMSA Comercio has developed proprietary models to assist in identifying appropriate store locations, store formats and product categories. Its model utilizes location-specific demographic data and FEMSA Comercio’s experience in similar locations to fine tune the store format and product offerings to the target market. Market segmentation is becoming an important strategic tool, and it should increasingly allow FEMSA Comercio to improve the operating efficiency of each location and the overall profitability of the chain.

FEMSA Comercio has made and will continue to make significant investments in information technology to improve its ability to capture customer information from its existing stores and to improve its overall operating performance. The majority of products carried through OXXO stores are bar-coded, and all OXXO stores are equipped with point-of-sale systems that are integrated into a company-wide computer network. To implement revenue management strategies, FEMSA Comercio created a division in charge of product category management for products, such as beverages, fast food and perishables, to enhance and better utilize its consumer information base and market intelligence capabilities. FEMSA Comercio has implemented an ERP system, which will allow FEMSA Comercio to continue redesigning its key operating processes and enhance the usefulness of its market information going forward. In addition, FEMSA Comercio has expanded its operations by opening 12 new stores in Bogotá, Colombia in 2010.

FEMSA Comercio has adopted innovative promotional strategies in order to increase store traffic and sales. In particular, FEMSA Comercio sells high-frequency items such as beverages, snacks and cigarettes at competitive

 

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prices. FEMSA Comercio’s ability to implement this strategy profitably is partly attributable to the size of the OXXO chain, as FEMSA Comercio is able to work together with its suppliers to implement their revenue-management strategies through differentiated promotions. OXXO’s national and local marketing and promotional strategies are an effective revenue driver and a means of reaching new segments of the population while strengthening the OXXO brand. For example, the organization has refined its expertise in executing cross promotions (discounts on multi-packs or sales of complementary products at a special price) and targeted promotions to attract new customer segments, such as housewives, by expanding the offerings in the grocery product category in certain stores. FEMSA Comercio is also strengthening its capabilities to increasingly provide consumers with services such as utility bill payment and other basic transactions.

Store Locations

With 8,409 OXXO stores in Mexico and 17 stores in Colombia as of December 31, 2010, FEMSA Comercio operates the largest convenience store chain in Latin America measured by number of stores. OXXO stores are concentrated in the northern part of Mexico, but also have a growing presence in the rest of the country.

FEMSA Comercio

Regional Allocation of OXXO Stores in Mexico and Latin America (*)

as of December 31, 2010

LOGO

FEMSA Comercio has aggressively expanded its number of stores over the past several years. The average investment required to open a new store varies, depending on location and format and whether the store is opened in an existing retail location or requires construction of a new store. FEMSA Comercio is generally able to use supplier credit to fund the initial inventory of new stores.

 

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Growth in Total OXXO Stores

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008     2007     2006  

Total OXXO stores

     8,426        7,334        6,374        5,563        4,847   

Store growth (% change over previous year)

     14.9     15.1     14.6     14.8     17.0

FEMSA Comercio currently expects to continue the growth trend established over the past several years by emphasizing growth in areas of high economic potential in existing markets and by expanding in underserved and unexploited markets. Management believes that the southeast part of Mexico is particularly underserved by the convenience store industry.

The identification of locations and pre-opening planning in order to optimize the results of new stores are important elements in FEMSA Comercio’s growth plan. FEMSA Comercio continuously reviews store performance against certain operating and financial benchmarks to optimize the overall performance of the chain. Stores unable to maintain benchmark standards are generally closed. Between December 31, 2006 and 2010, the total number of OXXO stores increased by 3,579 which resulted from the opening of 3,663 new stores and the closing of 84 existing stores.

Competition

OXXO competes in the convenience store segment of the retail market with 7-Eleven, Super Extra, Super City and Circle-K, as well as other local convenience stores. The format of these stores is similar to the format of the OXXO stores. OXXO competes both for consumers and for new locations for stores and the managers to operate those stores. Based on an internal market survey conducted by FEMSA Comercio, management believes that, as of December 31, 2010, there were approximately 13,138 stores in Mexico that could be considered part of the convenience store segment of the retail market. OXXO is the largest chain in Mexico, operating more than 60% of the country’s convenience stores. Furthermore, FEMSA Comercio operates in the 32 Mexican states and has much broader geographical coverage than any of its competitors in Mexico.

Market and Store Characteristics

Market Characteristics

FEMSA Comercio is placing increased emphasis on market segmentation and differentiation of store formats to more appropriately serve the needs of customers on a location-by-location basis. The principal segments include residential neighborhoods, commercial and office locations and stores near schools and universities, along with other types of specialized locations.

Approximately 67% of OXXO’s customers are between the ages of 15 and 35. FEMSA Comercio also segments the market according to demographic criteria, including income level.

Store Characteristics

The average size of an OXXO store is approximately 105 square meters of selling space, excluding space dedicated to refrigeration, storage or parking. The average constructed area of a store is approximately 186 square meters and, when parking areas are included, the average store size increases to approximately 437 square meters.

 

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FEMSA Comercio—Operating Indicators

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008     2007     2006  
     (percentage increase compared to
previous year)
 

Total FEMSA Comercio revenues

     16.3     13.6     12.0     14.3     18.7

OXXO same-store sales(1)

     5.2     1.3     0.4     3.3     8.2
     (percentage of total)  

Beer-related data:

          

Beer sales as % of total store sales

     16.1     15.1     14.6     13.4     13.5

 

(1) Same-store sales growth is calculated by comparing the sales of stores for each year that have been in operation for more than 12 months with the sales of those same stores during the previous year.

Beer, cellular telephone air-time, soft drinks and cigarettes represent the main product categories for OXXO stores. FEMSA Comercio has a distribution agreement with Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma. As a result of this agreement, OXXO stores only carry beer brands produced and distributed by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma. OXXO stores will continue to benefit from the existing relationship under which Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma will continue to be the exclusive supplier of beer to OXXO until June 2020. Prior to 2001, OXXO stores had informal agreements with Coca-Cola bottlers, including Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in central Mexico, to sell only their products. Since 2001, a limited number of OXXO stores began selling Pepsi products in certain cities in northern Mexico.

Approximately 69% of OXXO stores are operated by independent managers responsible for all aspects of store operations. The managers are commission agents and are not employees of FEMSA Comercio. Each store manager is the legal employer of the store’s staff, which typically numbers six people per store. FEMSA Comercio continually invests in on-site operating personnel, with the objective of promoting loyalty, customer-service and low personnel turnover in the stores.

Advertising and Promotion

FEMSA Comercio’s marketing efforts include both specific product promotions and image advertising campaigns. These strategies seek to increase store traffic and sales, and to reinforce the OXXO name and market position.

FEMSA Comercio manages its advertising on three levels depending on the nature and scope of the specific campaign: local or store-specific, regional and national. Store-specific and regional campaigns are closely monitored to ensure consistency with the overall corporate image of OXXO stores and to avoid conflicts with national campaigns. FEMSA Comercio primarily uses point of purchase materials, flyers, handbills and print and radio media for promotional campaigns, although television is used occasionally for the introduction of new products and services. The OXXO chain’s image and brand name are presented consistently across all stores, irrespective of location.

Inventory and Purchasing

FEMSA Comercio has placed considerable emphasis on improving operating performance. As part of these efforts, FEMSA Comercio continues to invest in extensive information management systems to improve inventory management. Electronic data collection has enabled FEMSA Comercio to reduce average inventory levels. Inventory replenishment decisions are carried out on a store-by-store basis.

Management believes that the OXXO chain’s scale of operations provides FEMSA Comercio with a competitive advantage in its ability to realize strategic alliances with suppliers. General category offerings are determined on a national level, although purchasing decisions are implemented on a local, regional or national level, depending on the nature of the product category. Given the fragmented nature of the retail industry in Mexico in general, Mexican producers of beer, soft drinks, bread, dairy products, snacks, cigarettes and other high-frequency

 

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products have established proprietary distribution systems with extensive direct distribution routes. As a result, approximately 53% of the products carried by the OXXO chain are delivered directly to the stores by suppliers. Other products with longer shelf lives are distributed to stores by FEMSA Comercio’s distribution system, which includes 11 regional warehouses located in Monterrey, Mexico City, Guadalajara, Mexicali, Mérida, León, Obregón, Puebla, Chihuahua, Reynosa and Tijuana. The distribution centers operate a fleet of approximately 491 trucks that make deliveries to each store approximately once a week.

Seasonality

OXXO stores experience periods of high demand in December, as a result of the holidays, and in July and August, as a result of increased consumption of beer and soft drinks during the hot summer months. The months of November and February are generally the weakest sales months for OXXO stores. In general, colder weather during these months reduces store traffic and consumption of cold beverages.

Other Stores

FEMSA Comercio also operates other stores under the names Bara, Six and Matador.

FEMSA Cerveza and Equity Method Investment in the Heineken Group

Until April 30, 2010, FEMSA Cerveza was our wholly-owned subsidiary, producing beer in Mexico and Brazil and exporting its products to more than 50 countries worldwide, with North America being its most important export market, followed by certain markets in Europe, Latin America and Asia. As of December 31, 2009, FEMSA Cerveza was ranked the tenth-largest brewer in the world in terms of sales volume, and in Mexico, its main market, FEMSA Cerveza was ranked the second-largest beer producer in terms of sales volume. In 2009, approximately 66.4% of FEMSA Cerveza’s sales volume came from Mexico, with the remaining 24.8% from Brazil and 8.8% from exports. As of December 31, 2009, FEMSA Cerveza sold 40.548 million hectoliters of beer and produced and/or distributed 21 brands of beer in 14 different presentations resulting in a portfolio of 111 different product offerings in Mexico.

As of December 31, 2009, FEMSA Cerveza represented 23.5% of our total revenues and 34.1% of our total assets. For the period from January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2010, FEMSA Cerveza contributed net income of Ps. 706 to our net income. On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. The principal terms of the Heineken transaction documents are summarized below in “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts.”

As of April 30, 2010, FEMSA owns a non-controlling interest in the Heineken Group, one of the world’s leading brewers. Our 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group was comprised of 43,018,320 shares of Heineken Holding N.V. and 43,009,699 shares of Heineken N.V., with an additional 29,172,504 shares to be delivered pursuant to allotted share delivery instruments. As of May 31, 2011, 13,147,233 shares have been delivered pursuant to the allotted share delivery instruments. For the eight-month period from May 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010, FEMSA recognized an equity income of Ps. 3,319 million regarding its economic interest in the Heineken Group.

FEMSA Comercio has a distribution agreement with Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (which is now a part of the Heineken Group) pursuant to which OXXO stores only carry beer brands produced and distributed by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma. OXXO stores will continue to benefit from the existing relationship under which Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma will continue to be the exclusive supplier of beer to OXXO until June 2020. As of April 30, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA has agreed with Cervejarias Kaiser (also now part of the Heineken Group) to continue to distribute and sell the Kaiser beer portfolio in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian territories for a 20-year term beginning in 2003, consistent with the arrangement already in place. In addition, our corporate and shared services subsidiary will continue to provide certain services to Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma and its subsidiaries.

 

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Other Business

Our other business consists of the following smaller operations that support our core operations:

 

   

Our refrigeration business produces vertical and horizontal commercial refrigerators for the soft drink, beer and food industries, with an annual capacity of 260,500 units at December 31, 2010. In 2010, this business sold 293,982 refrigeration units, 40% of which were sold to Coca-Cola FEMSA, and the remainder of which were sold to third parties. Until December 31, 2010, our labeling and flexible packaging business was our wholly-owned subsidiary. In 2010, this business sold 14% of its label sales volume to Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, 20% to Coca-Cola FEMSA and 66% to third parties. Our labeling and flexible packaging business was sold on December 31, 2010.

 

   

Our logistics services subsidiary provides logistics services to Coca-Cola FEMSA, FEMSA Comercio and third-party clients that either supply or participate directly in the Mexican beverage industry or in other industries. It also provided logistics services to the packaging operations of FEMSA and to Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma. This business provides integrated logistics support for its clients’ supply chain, including the management of carriers and other supply chain services.

 

   

Until September 23, 2010 we owned the Mundet brands in Mexico, which were disposed through the sale to The Coca-Cola Company of Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V., which was a wholly-owned subsidiary of FEMSA.

 

   

Our corporate services subsidiary employs all of our corporate staff, including the personnel managing the areas of finance, corporate accounting, taxation, legal, financial and strategic planning, human resources and internal audit. Through this subsidiary, we direct, control, supervise and review the operations of our sub-holding companies. As of December 31, 2010, FEMSA Comercio and our packaging subsidiaries pay management fees for the services provided to them. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA has entered into a services agreement pursuant to which it pays for specific services. As part of the Heineken transaction, the corporate and shared services subsidiaries will continue to provide some limited corporate services and shared services to subsidiaries of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (now part of the Heineken Group), for which such companies will continue to pay.

Description of Property, Plant and Equipment

As of December 31, 2010, we owned all of our manufacturing facilities and substantially all of our warehouses and distribution centers. Our properties primarily consisted of production and distribution facilities for our beer and soft drink operations and office space. In addition, FEMSA Comercio owns approximately 10.9% of the OXXO store locations, while the other stores are located in properties that are rented under long-term lease arrangements with third parties.

The table below sets forth the location, principal use and production area of our production facilities, each of which is owned by Coca-Cola FEMSA.

 

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Production Facilities As of December 31, 2010

 

Country

   Location   

Principal Use

   Production Area
               (in thousands
of sq. meters)

Mexico

   San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    45
   Cuautitlán, Estado de México    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    35
   Los Reyes la Paz, Estado de México    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    50
   Toluca, Estado de México    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    242
   León, Guanajuato    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    124
   Morelia, Michoacan    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    50
   Ixtacomitán, Tabasco    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    117
   Apizaco, Tlaxcala    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    80
   Coatepec, Veracruz    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    142

Guatemala

   Guatemala City    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    47

Nicaragua

   Managua    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    54

Costa Rica

   Calle Blancos, San José    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    52
   Coronado, San José    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    14

Panama

   Panama City    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    29

Colombia

   Barranquilla    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    37
   Bogotá    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    105
   Bucaramanga    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    26
   Cali    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    76
   Manantial    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    67
   Medellín    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    47

Venezuela

   Antimano    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    15
   Barcelona    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    141
   Maracaibo    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    68
   Valencia    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    100

Brazil

   Campo Grande    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    36
   Jundiaí    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    191
   Mogi das Cruzes    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    119
   Belo Horizonte    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    73

Argentina

   Alcorta    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    73
   Monte Grande, Buenos Aires    Soft Drink Bottling Plant    32

 

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Insurance

We maintain an “all risk” insurance policy covering our properties (owned and leased), machinery and equipment and inventories as well as losses due to business interruptions. The policy covers damages caused by natural disaster, including hurricane, hail, earthquake and damages caused by human acts, including explosion, fire, vandalism, riot and losses incurred in connection with goods in transit. In addition, we maintain an “all risk” liability insurance policy that covers product liability. We purchase our insurance coverage through an insurance broker. The policies for “all risk” property insurance and “all risk” liability insurance are issued by ACE Seguros, S.A., and the coverage is partially reinsured in the international reinsurance market. We believe that our coverage is consistent with the coverage maintained by similar companies operating in Mexico.

Capital Expenditures and Divestitures

Our consolidated capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were Ps. 11,171 million, Ps. 9,103 million and Ps. 7,816 million respectively, and were for the most part financed from cash from operations generated by our subsidiaries. These amounts were invested in the following manner:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions of Mexican pesos)  

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   Ps.  7,478       Ps.  6,282       Ps.  4,802   

FEMSA Comercio

     3,324         2,668         2,720   

Other

     369         153         294   
                          

Total(1)

   Ps.  11,171       Ps.  9,103       Ps.  7,816   

 

(1) Capital expenditures and divestitures in 2009 and 2008 have been modified in order to conform to 2010 figures presentation due to the discontinued operations of FEMSA Cerveza.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

During 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditures focused on increasing plant production capacity, placing coolers with retailers, returnable bottles and cases, improving the efficiency of its distribution infrastructure and information technology. Capital expenditures in Mexico were approximately Ps. 2,932 million and accounted for approximately 39% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditures.

FEMSA Comercio

FEMSA Comercio’s principal investment activity is the construction and opening of new stores. During 2010, FEMSA Comercio opened 1,092 net new OXXO stores. FEMSA Comercio invested Ps. 3,325 million in 2010 in the addition of new stores, warehouses and improvements to leased properties.

Regulatory Matters

Competition Legislation

The Ley Federal de Competencia Económica (Federal Economic Competition Law or Mexican Competition Law) became effective on June 22, 1993. The Mexican Competition Law and the Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Competencia Económica (Regulations under the Mexican Competition Law), effective as of October 13, 2007, regulate monopolies and monopolistic practices and require Mexican government approval of certain mergers and acquisitions. The Mexican Competition Law subjects the activities of certain Mexican companies, including us, to regulatory scrutiny. In addition, the Regulations under the Mexican Competition Law prohibit members of any trade association from reaching any agreement relating to the price of their products.

 

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Management believes that we are currently in compliance in all material respects with Mexican competition legislation.

In Mexico and in some of the other countries in which we operate, we are involved in different ongoing competition related proceedings. We believe that the outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results from operations. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Antitrust Matters.”

Taxation of Sparkling Beverages

All the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, except for Panama, impose a value-added tax on the sale of sparkling beverages, with a rate of 16% in Mexico beginning in January 2010, 12% in Guatemala, 15% in Nicaragua, 13% in Costa Rica, 16% in Colombia (applied only to the first sale in supply chain), 12% in Venezuela (beginning in April 2009), 17% (Mato Grosso do Sul) and 18% (São Paulo and Minas Gerais) in Brazil, and 21% in Argentina. In addition, several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates impose the following excise or other taxes:

 

   

Guatemala imposes an excise tax of 0.18 cents in local currency (approximately Ps. 0.2775 as of December 31, 2010) per liter of sparkling beverage.

 

   

Costa Rica imposes a specific tax on non-alcoholic bottled beverages based on the combination of packaging and flavor, currently assessed at 15.50 colones (approximately Ps. 0.3705 as of December 31, 2010) per 250 ml, and an excise tax on local brands of 5%, foreign brands of 10% and mixers of 14%.

 

   

Nicaragua imposes a 9% tax on consumption, and municipalities impose a 1% tax on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Nicaraguan gross income.

 

   

Panama imposes a 5% tax based on the cost of goods produced. Panama also imposes a 10% selective consumption tax on syrups, powders and concentrate.

 

   

Brazil imposes an average production tax of approximately 4.4% and an average sales tax of approximately 7.9%, both assessed by the federal government. Most of these taxes are fixed, based on average retail prices in each state where the company operates (VAT) or fixed by the federal government (excise and sales tax).

 

   

Argentina imposes an excise tax on sparkling beverages containing less than 5% lemon juice or less than 10% fruit juice of 8.7%, and an excise tax on flavored sparkling beverages with 10% or more fruit juice and on sparkling water of 4.2%, although this excise tax is not applicable to certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products.

Environmental Matters

In all of our territories, our operations are subject to laws and regulations applicable in the respective jurisdiction relating to the protection of the environment.

Mexico

In Mexico, the principal legislation is the Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente (Federal General Law for Ecological Equilibrium and Environmental Protection or the Mexican Environmental Law) and the Ley General para la Prevención y Gestión Integral de los Residuos (General Law for the Prevention and Integral Management of Waste), which are enforced by the Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources or SEMARNAT). SEMARNAT can bring administrative and criminal proceedings against companies that violate environmental laws, and it also has the power to temporarily close non-complying facilities. Under the Mexican Environmental Law, rules have been

 

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promulgated concerning water, air and noise pollution and hazardous substances. In particular, Mexican environmental laws and regulations require that we file periodic reports with respect to air and water emissions and hazardous wastes and set forth standards for waste water discharge that apply to our operations. We are also subject to certain minimal restrictions on the operation of delivery trucks in Mexico City. We have implemented several programs designed to facilitate compliance with air, waste, noise and energy standards established by current Mexican federal and state environmental laws, including a program that installs catalytic converters and liquid petroleum gas in delivery trucks for our operations in Mexico City. See “—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Product Sales and Distribution.”

In addition, we are subject to the Ley de Aguas Nacionales (the National Water Law), enforced by the Mexican National Water Commission. Adopted in December 1992, the law provides that plants in Mexico that use deep water wells to supply their water requirements must pay a fee to the city for the discharge of residual waste water to drainage. Pursuant to this law, certain local authorities test the quality of the waste water discharge and charge plants an additional fee for measurements that exceed certain standards published by the Mexican National Water Commission. All of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler plants located in Mexico have met these standards. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Apizaco and San Cristóbal are certified with ISO 14001.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mexican operations established a partnership with The Coca-Cola Company and ALPLA, a supplier of plastic bottles to Coca-Cola FEMSA in Mexico, to create Industria Mexicana de Reciclaje (IMER), a PET recycling facility located in Toluca, Mexico. This facility started operations in 2005 and has a recycling capacity of approximately 25,000 metric tons per year from which 15,000 metric tons can be re-used in PET bottles for food packaging purposes. Coca-Cola FEMSA has also continued contributing funds to a nationwide recycling company, Ecología y Compromiso Empresarial (Environmentally Committed Companies). In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants located in Toluca, Reyes, Cuautitlán, Apizaco, San Cristobal, Morelia, Ixtacomitan and Coatepec have received a Certificado de Industria Limpia (Certificate of Clean Industry).

As part of our environmental and sustainability strategies, several of our subsidiaries have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with EAI, and EEM to receive electrical energy for use at production and distribution facilities of FEMSA and Coca-Cola FEMSA throughout Mexico, as well as for a significant number of OXXO convenience stores. The wind farms will be located in the state of Oaxaca and are expected to have a capacity of 396 megawatts. We anticipate that the wind farms will begin operations in 2013.

Also, as part of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s environmental and sustainability strategies, in December 2009, some of its affiliates, jointly with strategic partners, entered into a wind energy supply agreement with a subsidiary of Iberdrola to supply energy to a plant in Toluca, Mexico, owned by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s subsidiary, Propimex, S.A. de C.V. and to supply green energy to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s suppliers of PET bottles. The 26.7 megawatt wind farm is located in La Ventosa, Oaxaca and is expected to generate approximately 100 thousand megawatt hours annually. The energy supply services began in April 2010.

Central America

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Central American operations are subject to several federal and state laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, which have been enacted in the last ten years, as awareness has increased in this region about the protection of the environment and the disposal of hazardous and toxic materials as well as water usage. In some countries in Central America, Coca-Cola FEMSA is in the process of bringing its operations into compliance with new environmental laws on the timeline established by the relevant regulatory authorities. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Costa Rica and Panama operations have participated in a joint effort along with the local division of The Coca-Cola Company called Misión Planeta (Mission Planet) for the collection and recycling of non-returnable plastic bottles.

Colombia

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Colombian operations are subject to several Colombian federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment and the disposal of treated water and toxic and hazardous materials. These laws include the control of atmospheric emissions, noise emissions, disposal of treated water and strict limitations on the use of chlorofluorocarbons. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Colombia have obtained the Certificación Ambiental Fase IV (Phase IV Environmental Certificate) demonstrating its compliance at

 

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the highest level with relevant Colombian regulations. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also engaged in nationwide campaigns for the collection and recycling of glass and plastic bottles as well as reforestation programs.

Venezuela

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan operations are subject to several Venezuelan federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment. The most relevant of these laws are the Ley Orgánica del Ambiente (Organic Environmental Law), the Ley Sobre Sustancias, Materiales y Desechos Peligrosos (Substance, Material and Dangerous Waste Law), the Ley Penal del Ambiente (Criminal Environmental Law) and the Ley de Aguas (Water Law). Since the enactment of the Organic Environmental Law in 1995, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiary has presented the proper authorities with plans to bring their production facilities and distribution centers into compliance with applicable laws, which mainly consist of building or expanding the capacity of water treatment plants in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottling facilities. Even though Coca-Cola FEMSA has had to adjust some of the originally proposed timelines due to construction delays, in 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the construction and received all the required permits to operate a new water treatment plant in its bottling facility located in the city of Barcelona. At the end of 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA also agreed with the relevant authorities to construct a water treatment plant in its Valencia plant within the next 18 months, and construction has begun. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also in the process of obtaining the necessary authorization and licenses before it can begin the construction of two additional water treatment plants in Antimano and Maracaibo. Coca-Cola FEMSA expects that by the end of 2011, these three plants will be in operation. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also in process of obtaining the ISO 14000 certification for all of its plants in Venezuela.

In addition, in December 2010, the Venezuelan government approved the Ley Integral de Gestión de la Basura (Comprehensive Waste Management Law), which will regulate solid waste management and which may be applicable to manufacturers of products for mass consumption. The full scope of this law has not yet been established.

Brazil

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operations are subject to several federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment. Among the most relevant laws and regulations are those dealing with the emission of toxic and hazardous gases, disposal of wastewater and solid waste, which impose penalties, such as fines, facility closures or criminal charges depending upon the level of non-compliance.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s production plant located in Jundiaí has been recognized by the Brazilian authorities for its compliance with environmental regulations and for having standards well above those imposed by the law. The plant has been certified for the (i) ISO 9001 since March 1995; (ii) ISO 14001 since March 1997; (iii) norm OHSAS 18001 since 2005; and iv) ISO 22000 since 2007. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operations are also ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified.

In Brazil it is necessary to obtain concessions from the government to cast drainage. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Brazil have been granted this concession, except Mogi das Cruzes, where it has timely begun the process of obtaining one. In December, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA increased the capacity of the water treatment plant in its Jundiaí facility.

In Brazil, a municipal regulation of the City of São Paulo, implemented pursuant to Law 13.316/2002, came into effect in May 2008. This regulation requires Coca-Cola FEMSA to collect for recycling a specified annual percentage of plastic bottles made from PET sold in the City of São Paulo; such percentage increases each year. As of May 2009, it was required to collect for recycling 50% of the PET bottles sold in the City of São Paulo and by May 2010, it was required to collect 75%, and as of May 2011, it was required to collect 90%. Currently, Coca-Cola FEMSA is not able to collect the entire volume required of the PET bottles it sold in City of São Paulo for recycling. If Coca-Cola FEMSA does not meet the requirements of this regulation, which we believe to be more onerous than those imposed by the countries with the highest recycling standards, it could be fined and be subject to other sanctions, such as the suspension of operations in any of its plants and/or distribution centers located in the City of São Paulo. In May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA, together with other bottlers in São Paulo, through the Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Refrigerantes e de Bebidas Não-alcoólicas (Brazilian Soft Drink and Non-Alcoholic Beverage Association, or ABIR),

 

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filed a motion requesting a court to overturn this regulation on the basis of impossibility of compliance. In October 2010 the municipal authority of São Paolo levied a fine on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operating subsidiary of 250,000 Brazilian reais (approximately Ps. 1,750,000 as of December 31, 2010) on the grounds that the report submitted by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operating subsidiary did not comply with the 75% proper disposal requirement for the period from may 2008 to May 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA filed an appeal against this fine. In addition, in November 2009, in response to a requirement of the municipal authority request for Coca-Cola FEMSA to demonstrate the destination of the PET bottles sold in São Paulo, it filed a motion showing all of its recycling programs and requesting a more practical timeline to comply with the requirements of the law. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently awaiting resolution of both matters.

In August 2010, Law No. 12.305/2010 established the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy. This policy is based on the principle of shared responsibility between the government, companies and the public, and provides for the post-consumption return of products to companies and requires public authorities to implement waste management programs. This law is regulated by Federal Decree No. 7.404/2010, and was published in December 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently discussing with the relevant authorities the impact this law may have on Brazilian companies in complying with the regulation in effect in the City of São Paulo.

Argentina

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Argentine operations are subject to federal and municipal laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. The most significant of these are regulations concerning waste water discharge, which are enforced by the Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable (Ministry of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development) and the Organismo Provincial para el Desarrollo Sostenible (Provincial Organization for Sustainable Development) for the province of Buenos Aires. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Alcorta plant is in compliance with environmental standards and has been certified for ISO 14001:2004 for the plants and operative units in Buenos Aires.

For all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plant operations, Coca-Cola FEMSA employs two environmental management systems: (i) Sistema Integral de Calidad (Integral Quality System or SICKOF) and (ii) Sistema de Administración Ambiental (Environmental Administration System or EKOSYSTEM). We do not believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business activities pose a material risk to the environment, and we believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Coca-Cola FEMSA has expended, and may be required to expend in the future, funds for compliance with and remediation under local environmental laws and regulations. Currently, we do not believe that such costs will have a material adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations, or financial condition. However, since environmental laws and regulations and their enforcement are becoming increasingly more stringent in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, and there is increased recognition by local authorities of the need for higher environmental standards in the countries where it operates, changes in current regulations may result in an increase in costs, which may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s future results from operations or financial condition. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s management is not aware of any significant pending regulatory changes that would require a significant amount of additional remedial capital expenditures.

Other regulations

In December 2009, the Venezuelan government issued a decree requiring a reduction in energy consumption by at least 20% for industrial companies whose consumption is greater than two megawatts per hour and to submit an energy-usage reduction plan. Some of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottling operations in Venezuela outside of Caracas met this threshold and it submitted a plan, which included the purchase of generators for its plants. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government subsequently implemented power cuts and other measures for all industries in Caracas whose consumption was above 35 kilowatts per hour.

In January 2010, the Venezuelan government amended the Ley para la Defensa y Acceso a las Personas a los Bienes y Servicios (Access to Goods and Services Defense Law). Any violation by a company that produces, distributes and sells goods and services could lead to, among other consequences, fines, penalties or the confiscation of the assets used to produce, distribute and sell these goods without compensation. Although we believe Coca-Cola FEMSA is in compliance with this law, consumer protection laws in Venezuela are subject to continuing review and changes.

 

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Water Supply Law

Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases water in Mexico directly from municipal water companies and pumps water from wells and rivers pursuant to concessions obtained from the Mexican government on a plant-by-plant basis. Water use in Mexico is regulated primarily by the Ley de Aguas Nacionales de 1992 (1992 Water Law), and regulations issued thereunder, which created the Comisión Nacional del Agua (National Water Commission). The National Water Commission is charged with overseeing the national system of water use. Under the 1992 Water Law, concessions for the use of a specific volume of ground or surface water generally run for five, ten, or fifteen-year terms, depending on the supply of groundwater in each region as projected by the National Water Commission. Concessionaires may request concession terms to be extended upon termination. The Mexican government is authorized to reduce the volume of ground or surface water granted for use by a concession by whatever volume of water is not used by the concessionaire for two consecutive years. However, because the current concessions for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Mexico do not match each plant’s projected needs for water in future years, we successfully negotiated with the Mexican government the right to transfer the unused volume under concessions from certain plants to other plants anticipating greater water usage in the future. These concessions may be terminated if, among other things, we use more water than permitted or we fail to pay required concession-related fees and do not cure such situations in a timely manner.

Although we have not undertaken independent studies to confirm the sufficiency of the existing or future groundwater supply, we believe that our existing concessions satisfy our current water requirements in Mexico.

In Argentina, a state water company provides water to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Alcorta plant on a limited basis; however, we believe the authorized amount meets Coca-Cola FEMSA’s requirements for this plant. Water is pumped from Coca-Cola FEMSA’s own wells in its Monte Grande plant in Argentina, without the need for any specific permit or license, regulated by the Law 25.688.

In Brazil, we buy water directly from municipal utility companies and pump water from our own wells or rivers (Mogi das Cruzes plant) pursuant to concessions granted by the Brazilian government for each plant. According to the Brazilian Constitution, water is considered an asset of common use and may only be exploited for the national interest, by Brazilians or companies incorporated under Brazilian law. Dealers and users have the responsibility for any damage to the environment. The exploitation and use of water is regulated by the Código de Mineração (Code of Mining, Decree Law nº. 227/67), by the Código de Águas Minerais (Mineral Water Code, Decree Law nº. 7841/45), the National Water Resources Policy (Law nº. 9433/97) and by regulations issued thereunder. Companies that exploit water are supervised by the Departamento Nacional de Produção Mineira—DNPM (National Department of Mineral Production) and the National Water Agency in connection with sanitary, federal health agencies, as well as state and municipal authorities. In Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Jundaí and Belo Horizonte plants, we do not exploit mineral water. In the Mogi das Cruzes and Campo Grande plants, we have all the necessary permits related to the exploitation of mineral water.

In Colombia, in addition to natural spring water, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires water directly from its own wells and from utility companies. Coca-Cola FEMSA is required to have a specific concession to exploit water from natural sources. Water use in Colombia is regulated by law no. 9 of 1979 and decrees no. 1594 of 1984 and no. 2811 of 1974. The National Institute of National Resources supervises companies that exploit water.

In Nicaragua, the use of water is regulated by the Ley General de Aguas Nacionales (National Water Law). In Costa Rica, the use of water is regulated by the Ley de Aguas (Water Law). In both of these countries, Coca-Cola FEMSA owns and exploits their own water wells granted to them through governmental concessions. In Guatemala, no license or permits are required to exploit water from the private wells in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants. In Panama, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires water from a state water company, and the use of water is regulated by the Reglamento de Uso de Aguas de Panamá (Panama Use of Water Regulation). In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA uses private wells in addition to water provided by the municipalities, and it has taken the appropriate actions, including actions to comply with water regulations, to have water supply available from these sources, regulated by the Ley de Aguas (Water Law).

 

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We cannot assure you that water will be available in sufficient quantities to meet our future production needs, that we will be able to maintain our current concessions or that additional regulations relating to water use will not be adopted in the future in our territories. We believe that we are in material compliance with the terms of our existing water concessions and that we are in compliance with all relevant water regulations.

 

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

 

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with, and is entirely qualified by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes to those financial statements. Our audited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with Mexican FRS, which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. Notes 27 and 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements provide a description of the principal differences between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP as they relate to us, as well as U.S. GAAP consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income, and cash flows for the same periods presented for Mexican FRS purposes and for the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, and reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income, comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity. See “—U.S. GAAP Reconciliation.”

Overview of Events, Trends and Uncertainties

Management currently considers the following events, trends and uncertainties to be important to understanding its results from operations and financial position during the periods discussed in this section:

 

   

While Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mexico and Latincentro divisions continue growing volumes at a steady but moderate pace, the Mercosur division is growing at accelerated rates. The Coca-Cola brand, together with the recently added still-beverage operation, delivered the majority of volume growth.

 

   

FEMSA Comercio accelerated its rate of OXXO store openings and continues to grow in terms of total revenues and as a percentage of our consolidated total revenues. FEMSA Comercio has lower operating margins than our beverage business. Given that FEMSA Comercio has lower operating margins and fixed costs, it is more sensitive to changes in sales which could negatively affect operating margins. We expect to continue to expand the OXXO chain during 2011.

Our results from operations and financial position are affected by the economic and market conditions in the countries where our subsidiaries conduct their operations, particularly in Mexico. Changes in these conditions are influenced by a number of factors, including those discussed in “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors.”

Recent Developments

On September 23, 2010, FEMSA sold Promotora to The Coca-Cola Company. Promotora was the owner of the Mundet brands of soft drinks in Mexico, which comprised 100-plus year old brands acquired by FEMSA in 2001 for which a payment of Ps. 1,002 million was received.

In September 2010, FEMSA signed definitive agreements with GPC III, B.V., to sell its flexible packaging and label operations, Grafo Regia, S.A. de C.V. This transaction was part of FEMSA’s strategy to divest non-core assets. The transaction was closed on December 31, 2010 for which a payment of Ps. 1,021 million was received.

During the third quarter of 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed a transaction with a Brazilian subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company to produce, sell and distribute Matte Leão branded products. This transaction will

 

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reinforce Coca-Cola FEMSA’s non-carbonated product offering through the platform that is operated by The Coca-Cola Company and its bottling partners in Brazil. As a part of the agreement, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been selling and distributing certain Matte Leão branded ready-to-drink products since the first quarter of 2010.

On March 17, 2011, a consortium of investors formed by FEMSA, the Macquarie Mexican Infrastructure Fund and other investors, acquired EAI and EEM from subsidiaries of Preneal. FEMSA holds a 45% interest in the consortium. EAI and EEM are the owners of a 396 megawatt late-stage wind energy project in the south-eastern region of the State of Oaxaca. Certain subsidiaries of FEMSA, FEMSA Comercio and Coca-Cola FEMSA have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with EAI and EEM to purchase energy output produced by such companies. The project is currently in its long-term financing stage.

On March 28, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA, together with The Coca-Cola Company, acquired Grupo Estrella Azul, a Panamanian company engaged for more than 50 years in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories. The Company acquired a 50% interest and will continue to develop this business jointly with The Coca-Cola Company. Beginning in April 2011, both The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA commenced the gradual integration of Grupo Estrella Azul into the existing beverage platform they share for the development of non-carbonated products in Panama.

Changes in Mexican Financial Reporting Standards

The Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission announced the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards for public companies

The Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores (Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission, or CNBV) has announced that commencing in 2012, all Mexican public companies must report their financial information in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, which we refer to as IFRS. Since 2006, the Consejo Mexicano para la Investigación y Desarrollo de Normas de Información Financiera (Mexican Board of Research and Development of Financial Reporting Standards) has been modifying Mexican FRS in order to ensure their convergence with IFRS. We are in the adoption process and we expect to report our financial information according to IFRS starting on January 1, 2012 on a comparable basis.

Effects of Changes in Economic Conditions

Our results from operations are affected by changes in economic conditions in Mexico and in the other countries in which we operate. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, 62%, 59% and 64%, respectively, of our total sales were attributable to Mexico. As a result, we have greater exposure to the economic conditions of certain countries, particularly those in Central America, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, although we continue to generate a substantial portion of our total sales from Mexico. The participation of these other countries as a percentage of our total sales has not changed significantly during the last five years and is expected to continue to maintain 2010 percentages in future periods.

The Mexican economy is gradually recovering from a downturn as a result of the impact of the global financial crisis on many emerging economies in 2009. In the third quarter of 2010, Mexican GDP expanded by approximately 5.1% compared to the same period in 2009 and experienced an expansion of 5.4% for the full year of 2010, according to INEGI. According to the Banco Nacional de México survey regarding the economic expectations of specialists, Mexican GDP is expected to increase by 4.4% in 2011, as of the last estimate published in March 2011. The Mexican economy continues to be heavily influenced by the U.S. economy, and therefore, further deterioration in economic conditions in, or delays in the recovery of, the U.S. economy may hinder any recovery in Mexico.

Our future results may be significantly affected by the general economic and financial conditions in the countries where we operate, including by levels of economic growth, by the devaluation of the local currency, by inflation and high interest rates or by political developments, and may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing or a shift to lower margin products. Because a large percentage of our costs are fixed costs, we may not be able to reduce such costs and expenses, and our profit margins may suffer as a result of downturns in the economy of each country.

 

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The decrease in interest rates in Mexico in 2010 decreases our cost of Mexican peso-denominated variable interest rate indebtedness and could have a favorable effect on our financial position and results from operations during 2011. During 2010, our weighted average interest rate decreased by 140 basis points.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2009 and through 2010, the value of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar fluctuated from a low of Ps. 12.16 per U.S. dollar, to a high of Ps. 13.67 per U.S. dollar. At December 31, 2010, the exchange rate (noon buying rate) was Ps. 12.3825 to US$ 1.00. On May 31, 2011, the exchange rate was 11.579. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rate Information.” A depreciation of the Mexican peso or local currencies in the countries in which we operate relative to the U.S. dollar increases our cost of raw materials priced in U.S. dollars, including raw materials whose prices are set with reference to the U.S. dollar. In addition, a depreciation of the Mexican peso or local currencies in the countries in which we operate relative to the U.S. dollar will increase our U.S.-denominated debt obligations, which could negatively affect our financial position and results from operations.

Operating Leverage

Companies with structural characteristics that result in margin expansion in excess of sales growth are referred to as having high “operating leverage.”

The operating subsidiaries of Coca-Cola FEMSA are engaged, to varying degrees, in capital-intensive activities. The high utilization of the installed capacity of the production facilities results in better fixed cost absorption, as increased output results in higher revenues without additional fixed costs. Absent significant increases in variable costs, gross profit margins will expand when production facilities are operated at higher utilization rates. Alternatively, higher fixed costs will result in lower gross profit margins in periods of lower output.

In addition, the commercial operations of Coca-Cola FEMSA are carried out through extensive distribution networks, the principal fixed assets of which are warehouses and trucks and are designed to handle large volumes of beverages. Fixed costs represent an important proportion of the total distribution expense of Coca-Cola FEMSA. Generally, the higher the volume that passes through the distribution system, the lower the fixed distribution cost as a percentage of the corresponding revenues. As a result, operating margins improve when the distribution capacity is operated at higher utilization rates. Alternatively, periods of decreased utilization because of lower volumes will negatively affect our operating margins.

FEMSA Comercio operations result in a low margin business with relatively fixed costs. These two characteristics make FEMSA Comercio a business with an operating margin that might be affected more easily by a change in sales levels.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of our audited consolidated financial statements requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect (1) the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities, (2) the disclosure of our contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and (3) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and judgments on our historical experience and on various other reasonable factors that together form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an on-going basis. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements. We believe our most critical accounting policies that imply the application of estimates and/or judgments are the following:

 

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Bottles and cases; allowance for bottle breakage

We recorded returnable bottles and cases at acquisition cost and restated them applying inflation factors only when they form part of our operations in countries with an inflationary economic environment. For Coca-Cola FEMSA, breakage is expensed as it is incurred. We compare quarterly bottle breakage expense with the calculated depreciation expense of our returnable bottles and cases in plant and distribution centers, estimating a useful life of four years for returnable glass soft drink bottles and plastic cases and 18 months for returnable plastic soft drink bottles. These useful lives are determined in accordance with our business experience. The annual calculated depreciation expense has been similar to the annual bottle breakage expense. Whenever we decide to discontinue a particular returnable presentation and retire it from the market, we write off the discontinued presentation through an increase in breakage expense.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful lives represent the period we expect the assets to remain in service and to generate revenues. We base our estimates on the experience of our technical personnel. Depreciation is computed using the straight line method of accounting.

Imported equipment is recorded using the exchange rate as of the acquisition date and, if part of an inflationary economic environment, is restated applying the inflation rate of the reporting entity.

We test at fair value long-lived assets for impairment and determine whether impairment exists, by comparing the book value of the assets with their fair value, which is calculated considering their operating conditions and the future cash flows expected to be generated based on their estimated remaining useful life as determined by management.

Valuation of intangible assets and goodwill

We identify all intangible assets associated with business acquisitions. We separate intangible assets between those with a finite useful life and those with an indefinite useful life, in accordance with the period over which we expect to receive the benefits.

The intangible assets of indefinite life are subject to annual impairment tests. As of December 31, 2010, we have recorded intangible assets with indefinite lives, which consist of:

 

   

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s rights to produce and distribute Coca-Cola trademark products for Ps. 49,169 million primarily as a result of the Panamco acquisition; and

 

   

Other intangible assets with indefinite lives that amounted to Ps. 462 million.

Impairment of intangible assets with indefinite lives

We review annually the carrying value of our intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment based on recognized valuation techniques. While we believe that our estimates are reasonable, different assumptions regarding such estimates could materially affect our evaluations.

Following our evaluations during 2010 and up to the date of this annual report, we do not have any information which leads to any impairment of intangible assets with indefinite lives. We can give no assurance that our expectations will not change as a result of new information or developments. Future changes in economic or political conditions in any country in which we operate or in the industries in which we participate, however, may cause us to change our current assessment.

 

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Employee benefits

Our employee benefits, which we used to refer to as labor liabilities, are comprised of pension plan, seniority premium, post-retirement medical services and severance indemnities. The determination of our obligations and expenses for pension and other post-retirement benefits are determined by actuarial calculations and are dependent on our determination of certain assumptions used to estimate such amounts. We evaluate our assumptions at least annually.

In 2008, we adopted NIF D-3 (“Employee Benefits”), which eliminates the recognition of the additional liability resulting from the difference between obligations for accumulated benefits and net projected liability, in addition to making other important changes. On January 1, 2008, our additional liability cancelled was Ps. 868 million, of which Ps. 447 million corresponds to intangible assets and Ps. 251 to cumulative other comprehensive income, net of its deferred tax of Ps. 170 million.

NIF D-3 establishes a maximum five-year period to amortize the initial balance of the labor costs of past services of pension and retirement plans and the same amortization period for the labor cost of past service of severance indemnities, previously defined by Bulletin D-3 (“Labor Liabilities”) as unrecognized transition obligations and unrecognized prior service costs. For the year ended December 31, 2009, labor costs for past services amounted to Ps. 81 million, and for the year ended December 31, 2010, they amounted to Ps. 81 million, and were recorded within operating income.

Actuarial gains and losses related to severance indemnities are registered under operating income during the year in which they are generated. The balance of unrecognized actuarial gains and losses as of January 1, 2008 was recorded in other expenses and amounted to Ps. 163 million.

While we believe that our assumptions are appropriate, significant differences in our actual experience or significant changes in our assumptions may materially affect our pension and other post-retirement obligations and our future expense. The following table is a summary of the three key assumptions to be used in determining 2010 annual labor liability expense, along with the impact on this expense of a 1% change in each assumed rate.

 

     Nominal Rates(3)     Real Rates(4)     Impact of Rate
Changes(2)
 

Assumptions 2010(1)

   2010     2009     2008     2010     2009     2008     +1%      -1%  
                                         (in millions of Mexican pesos)  

Mexican and Foreign Subsidiaries:

                 

Discount rate

     7.6     8.2     8.2     4.0     4.5     4.5   Ps.  (288)       Ps. 413   

Salary increase

     4.8     5.1     5.1     1.2     1.5     1.5     354         (183)   

Long-term asset return

     8.2     8.2     11.3     3.6     4.5     4.5     (40)         11   

 

(1) Calculated using a measurement date as of December 2010.

 

(2) The impact is not the same for an increase of 1% as for a decrease of 1% because the rates are not linear.

 

(3) For countries considered non-inflationary economic environments according to Mexican FRS.

 

(4) For countries considered inflationary economic environments according to Mexican FRS.

Income taxes

As we describe in Note 24 to our audited consolidated financial statements, on January 1, 2010, the Mexican tax reform became effective. The most important changes are: an increase in the value added tax rate (IVA) from 15% to 16%, an increase on special tax on production and services from 25% to 26.5% and an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 28% in 2009 to 30% for 2010, 2011 and 2012, and a reduction from 30% to 29% and 28% for 2013 and 2014, respectively. In addition, the Mexican tax reform requires that income tax payments related to consolidated tax benefits obtained since 1999 be paid during the next five years beginning on the sixth year when tax benefits were used. See Note 24 D and E to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Mexican tax reform effective in 2008 introduced the Impuesto Empresarial de Tasa Unica (IETU) that functions similar to an alternative minimum corporate income tax, except that any amounts paid are not creditable

 

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against future income tax payments. Mexican taxpayers are now subject to the higher of the IETU or the income tax liability computed under Mexican Income Tax Law. This new tax is calculated on a cash-flow basis and the rate for 2010 and 2011 is 17.5% for both years.

Based on our financial projections estimated for our Mexican tax returns, we expect to pay corporate income tax in the future and do not expect to pay IETU, therefore we did not record deferred IETU. As such, the enactment of IETU did not impact our consolidated financial position or results from operations, as it only recognizes deferred income tax.

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. We regularly review our deferred taxes for recoverability and/or payment, and establish a valuation allowance based on our judgment regarding historical taxable income, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. If these estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record additional valuation allowances against our deferred taxes resulting in an impact in net income.

The statutory income tax rate in Mexico was 30% for 2010, and 28% for 2009 and 2008.

Indirect tax and legal contingencies

We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to indirect tax and legal proceedings as described in Note 25 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions. Management periodically assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and accrues a liability and/or discloses the relevant circumstances, as appropriate. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, we accrue a liability for the estimated loss.

Derivative Financial Instruments

We are required to measure all derivative financial instruments at fair value and recognize them in the balance sheet as an asset or liability. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recorded each year in net income or as a component of cumulative other comprehensive income, based on the type of hedging instrument and the ineffectiveness of the hedge. The fair values of derivative financial instruments are determined considering quoted prices in recognized markets. If such instruments are not traded, fair value is determined by applying techniques based upon technical models supported by sufficient reliable and verifiable data, recognized in the financial sector. We base our forward price curves upon market price quotations.

New Accounting Pronouncements

As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements and their accompanying notes, the Company is determining its opening consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2011 for IFRS and assessing all the possible impacts in 2011 in order to have a comparable basis in the 2012 consolidated financial statements. As part of the transition process to IFRS, the Company is reviewing its accounting policies in order to comply with international standards by the transition date.

The following accounting standards have been issued under Mexican FRS; the application of which is required as indicated. Except as otherwise noted, the Company will adopt these standards when they become effective. The Company is in the process of assessing the effect of adopting the new standards, but it does not anticipate any significant impact except as may be described below.

 

   

NIF B-5 “Financial Information by Segment”

NIF B-5 establishes that an operating segment shall meet the following criteria: i) the segment engages in business activities from which it earns or is in the process of obtaining revenues, and incurs related costs and expenses; ii) the operating results are reviewed regularly by the main authority of the entity’s

 

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decision maker; and iii) specific financial information is available. NIF B-5 also requires disclosures related to operating segments subject to reporting, including details of earnings, assets and liabilities, reconciliations, information about products and services, and geographical areas. NIF B-5 is effective beginning on January 1, 2011, and this guidance shall be applied retrospectively for comparative purposes.

 

   

NIF B-9 “Interim Financial Reporting”

NIF B-9 prescribes the content to be included in a complete or condensed set of financial statements for an interim period. In accordance with this standard, the complete set of financial statements shall include: a) a statement of financial position as of the end of the period, b) an income statement for the period, c) a statement of changes in equity for the period, d) a statement of cash flows for the period, and e) notes providing the relevant accounting policies and other explanatory notes. Condensed financial statements shall include: a) condensed statement of financial position, b) condensed income statement, c) condensed statement of changes in equity, d) condensed statement of cash flows, and e) selected explanatory notes. NIF B-9 is effective beginning on January 1, 2011. Interim financial statements shall be presented in comparative form.

 

   

NIF C-4 “Inventories”

NIF C-4 replaces Bulletin C-4, and describes new accounting treatment for inventories. This standard eliminates the option to use “direct costing” as a valuation system; and it does not permit the use of the last-in, first-out (LIFO) formula to measure the cost of inventories. NIF C-4 establishes that the cost of inventories should be modified on the basis of net realizable value. According to this standard, when an entity purchase inventories on deferred settlement terms, the difference between the purchase price for normal credit terms and the amount paid, should be recognized as interest expense. NIF C-4 also requires companies to disclose the amount of any inventory recognized as an expense, when the cost of sales includes other elements or when a part of the cost of sales is included as discontinued operations. In addition, advances to suppliers are no longer part of inventories. When an entity changes the cost formula, this change should be treated as an accounting change. NIF C-4 is effective beginning on January 1, 2011, and has to be applied prospectively.

 

   

NIF C-5 “Prepaid Expenses”

NIF C-5 replaces Bulletin C-5, and establishes general rules for recognition of prepaid expenses. This standard excludes from the scope prepaid expenses which are treated in other NIF, as such as: prepaid income taxes, prepaid net assets from pension plans, and prepaid interest expenses. NIF C-5 establishes the cases in which prepaid expenses of inventories or tangible assets, among others, should be presented in the line of “Prepaid Expenses”, instead of the lines of “Inventories” or “Property, Plant and Equipment”. Prepaid expenses should be classified as current or noncurrent. This statement establishes that prepaid expenses shall be recognized as “expense” in the Income Statement when the company receives benefits from the asset; and prepaid expenses shall be recognized as “assets” when the entity is certain that the asset will generate future economic benefits. Additionally, when an impairment loss arises, prepaid expenses shall be recognized in the income statement. NIF C-5 is effective beginning on January 1, 2011, and has to be applied prospectively.

 

   

NIF C-6 “Property, Plant and Equipment”

NIF C-6 replaces Bulletin C-6, and establishes general rules for valuation, presentation and disclosures about property, plant and equipment, also known as “fixed assets”. This standard requires entities to recognize and depreciate fixed assets by components, instead of doing as a whole. NIF C-6 also eliminates the requirement to revaluate fixed assets acquired with no cost, and states that those assets have to be recognized as an equity contribution with no cost. NIF C-6 is effective beginning on January 1, 2011, and has to be applied prospectively, except for those changes regarding recognition by components, which are effective beginning on January 1, 2012.

 

   

NIF C-18 “Obligations Associated with the Disposal of Property, Plant and Equipment”

NIF C-18 contains guidance on accounting for changes in liabilities that have been recognized as part of the cost of a property, plant and equipment under NIF C-6 “Property, plant and equipment” (NIF C-6) and as a provision (liability) under Bulletin C-9 “Liabilities, provisions, contingent assets and liabilities, and commitments” (Bulletin C-9). NIF C-18 establishes: (a) the requirements to be considered for the assessment of a liability associated with the disposal of a component of property,

 

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plant and equipment; (b) the requirement to recognize such obligations as a provision that increases the acquisition cost of a component; (c) the methodology to recognize changes to the valuation of these provisions, for revisions to the cash flows, the frequency for its liquidation and the appropriate discount rate that has to be used; (d) the use of an adequate discount rate that includes time value of money and credit risk of the entity; (e) the use of present value to determine the best estimation of provisions; (f) the disclosures that an entity has to present when it has an obligation associated with the disposal of a component. NIF C-18 is effective beginning on January 1, 2011.

There are no significant new U.S. GAAP accounting standards effective in 2011 that are expected to impact the Company.

 

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Operating Results

The following table sets forth our consolidated income statement under Mexican FRS for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010(1)     2010     2009     2008  
     (in millions of U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos)  

Net sales

   $ 13,598        Ps. 168,376        Ps. 158,503        Ps. 132,260   

Other operating revenues

     107        1,326        1,748        1,548   
                                

Total revenues

     13,705        169,702        160,251        133,808   

Cost of sales

     7,974        98,732        92,313        77,990   
                                

Gross profit

     5,731        70,970        67,938        55,818   

Operating expenses:

        

Administrative

     627        7,766        7,835        6,292   

Selling

     3,285        40,675        38,973        32,177   
                                

Total operating expenses

     3,912        48,441        46,808        38,469   
                                

Income from operations

     1,819        22,529        21,130        17,349   

Other expenses, net

     (23     (282     (1,877     (2,019

Interest expense

     (264     (3,265     (4,011     (3,823

Interest income

     89        1,104        1,205        865   
                                

Interest expense, net

     (175     (2,161     (2,806     (2,958

Foreign exchange loss, net

     (50     (614     (431     (1,431

Gain on monetary position, net

     34        410        486        657   

Market value gain (loss) on ineffective portion of derivative financial instrument

     17        212        124        (950
                                

Comprehensive financing result

     (174     (2,153     (2,627     (4,682
                                

Equity method of associates

     286        3,538        132        90   
                                

Income before income taxes

     1,908        23,632        16,758        10,738   

Income taxes

     457        5,671        4,959        3,108   
                                

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

     1,451        17,961        11,799        7,630   

Income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net

     2,150        26,623        —          —     

Net income from discontinued operations

     57        706        3,283        1,648   
                                

Consolidated net income

     3,658        45,290        15,082        9,278   
                                

Net controlling interest income

     3,251        40,251        9,908        6,708   

Net non-controlling interest income

     407        5,039        5,174        2,570   
                                

Consolidated net income

     3,658        45,290        15,082        Ps. 9,278   
                                

 

(1) Translation to U.S. dollar amounts at an exchange rate of Ps. 12.3825 to US$1.00 provided solely for the convenience of the reader.

 

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The following table sets forth certain operating results by reportable segment under Mexican FRS for each of our segments for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Due to the discontinued operation of FEMSA Cerveza it is not considered as a reportable segment.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
                       Percentage Growth  
     2010     2009     2008     2010 vs. 2009     2009 vs. 2008  
     (in millions of Mexican pesos at December 31, 2010, except for percentages)  

Net sales

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     Ps. 102,988        Ps. 102,229        Ps. 82,468        0.7     24.0

FEMSA Comercio

     62,259        53,549        47,146        16.3     13.6

CB Equity(1)

     —          N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Total revenues

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     103,456        102,767        82,976        0.7     23.9

FEMSA Comercio

     62,259        53,549        47,146        16.3     13.6

CB Equity

     —          N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Cost of sales

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     55,534        54,952        43,895        1.1     25.2

FEMSA Comercio

     41,220        35,825        32,565        15.1     10.0

CB Equity

     —          N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Gross profit

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     47,922        47,815        39,081        0.2     22.3

FEMSA Comercio

     21,039        17,724        14,581        18.7     21.6

CB Equity

     —          N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Income from operations

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     17,079        15,835        13,695        7.9     15.6

FEMSA Comercio

     5,200        4,457        3,077        16.7     44.8

CB Equity

     (3     N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Depreciation(2)

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     3,333        3,473        3,036        (4.0 )%      14.4

FEMSA Comercio

     990        819        663        20.9     23.5

CB Equity

     —          N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Gross margin(3)(4)

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     46.3     46.5     47.1     (0.2 ) p.p.      (0.6 ) p.p. 

FEMSA Comercio

     33.8     33.1     30.9     0.7  p.p.      2.2  p.p. 

CB Equity

     N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

Operating margin(4)(5)

          

Coca-Cola FEMSA

     16.5     15.4     16.5     1.1  p.p.      (1.1 ) p.p. 

FEMSA Comercio

     8.4     8.3     6.5     0.1  p.p.      1.8  p.p. 

CB Equity

     N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a        N/a   

 

(1) CB Equity holds Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. Shares.

 

(2) Includes breakage of bottles.

 

(3) Gross margin is calculated with reference to total revenues.

 

(4) As used herein, p.p. refers to a percentage point increase (or decrease), contrasted with a straight percentage increase (or decrease).

 

(5) Operating margin is calculated with reference to total revenues.

 

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Results from operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009

FEMSA Consolidated

Under Mexican FRS, we reclassified our financial statements to reflect FEMSA Cerveza as a discontinued operation.

Total Revenues

FEMSA’s consolidated total revenues increased 5.9% to Ps. 169,702 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 160,251 million in 2009. All of FEMSA’s beverage and retail operations contributed positively to this revenue growth. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total revenues increased 0.7% to Ps. 103,456 million, driven by the revenue growth in our Mercosur and Mexico divisions. FEMSA Comercio’s revenues increased 16.3% to Ps. 62,259 million, mainly driven by the opening of 1,092 net new stores combined with an average increase of 5.2% in same-store sales.

Gross Profit

Consolidated gross profit increased 4.5% to Ps. 70,970 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 67,938 million in 2009, driven by FEMSA Comercio. Gross margin contracted by 0.6 percentage points, from 42.4% of consolidated total revenues in 2009 to 41.8% in 2010 as the faster growth of lower-margin FEMSA Comercio tends to compress FEMSA’s consolidated margins over time. Gross margin improvement at FEMSA Comercio partially offset raw-material cost pressures at Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Income from Operations

Consolidated operating expenses increased 3.5% to Ps. 48,441 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 46,808 million in 2009. The majority of this increase resulted from additional operating expenses at FEMSA Comercio, due to an accelerated store expansion. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated operating expenses decreased from 29.2% in 2009 to 28.5% in 2010.

Consolidated administrative expenses decreased 0.9% to Ps. 7,766 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 7,835 million in 2009. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated administrative expenses remained stable at 4.6% in 2010 compared with 4.9% in 2009.

Consolidated selling expenses increased 4.4% to Ps. 40,675 million in 2010 as compared to Ps. 38,973 million in 2009. This increase was attributable to FEMSA Comercio. As a percentage of total revenues, selling expenses decreased 0.3 percentage points from to 24.3% in 2009 to 24.0% in 2010.

Consolidated income from operations increased 6.6% to Ps. 22,529 million in 2010 as compared to Ps. 21,130 million in 2009. This increase was driven by the results of Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Comercio. Excluding one-time Heineken Transaction-related expenses, consolidated income from operations would have grown 8.7% in that period. Consolidated operating margin increased 0.1 percentage points from 13.2% in 2009, to 13.3% as a percentage of 2010 consolidated total revenues.

Some of our subsidiaries pay management fees to us in consideration for corporate services we provide to them. These fees are recorded as administrative expenses in the respective business segments. Our subsidiaries’ payments of management fees are eliminated in consolidation and, therefore, have no effect on our consolidated operating expenses.

 

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Coca-Cola FEMSA

Total Revenues

Coca-Cola FEMSA total revenues increased 0.7% to Ps. 103,456 million in 2010, compared to Ps. 102,767 million in 2009 as a result of revenue growth in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mercosur and Mexico divisions and despite the devaluation of the Venezuelan bolivar, which affected our revenues in that country. On a currency-neutral basis and excluding the acquisition of Brisa in Colombia, total revenues increased approximately 15% in 2010.

Consolidated average price per unit case decreased 2.6%, reaching Ps. 39.89 in 2010 as compared to Ps. 40.95 in 2009, reflecting the devaluation in the Venezuelan bolivar.

Consolidated total sales volume reached 2,499.5 million unit cases in 2010, compared to 2,428.6 million unit cases in 2009, an increase of 2.9%. Volume growth resulted largely from increases in sparkling beverages, which accounted for approximately 70% of incremental volumes, mainly driven by the Coca-Cola brand. The still beverage category, mainly driven by the Jugos del Valle line of business in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s key operations, contributed with less than 20% of the incremental volumes and the bottled water category represented the balance. Excluding the acquisitions of Brisa, total sales volume increased 2.1% to reach 2,479.6 million unit cases.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 1.1% to Ps. 55,534 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 54,952 million in 2009, as a result of increases in the cost of sweeteners of our operations, which were partially offset by the appreciation of the Brazilian real, the Colombian peso and the Mexican peso as applied to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs. Gross profit increased 0.2% to Ps. 47,922 million in 2010, as compared to 2009, despite the devaluation of the Venezuelan bolivar; Coca-Cola FEMSA’s gross margin decreased 0.2 percentage points to 46.3% in 2010.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased 3.6% to Ps. 30,843 million in 2010. As a percentage of sales, operating expenses decreased to 29.8% in 2010 from 31.1% in 2009.

Income from Operations

Income from operations increased 7.9% to Ps. 17,079 million in 2010, as compared to Ps. 15,835 million in 2009 driven by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mercosur and Latincentro divisions. Operating margin was 16.5% in 2010, an expansion of 1.1 percentage points as compared to 2009.

FEMSA Comercio

Total Revenues

FEMSA Comercio total revenues increased 16.3% to Ps. 62,259 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 53,549 million in 2009, primarily as a result of the opening of 1,092 net new stores during 2010, combined with an average increase of same-store sales of 5.2%. As of December 31, 2010, there were a total of 8,409 stores in Mexico and 17 stores in Colombia. FEMSA Comercio same-store sales increased an average of 5.2% compared to 2009, driven by a 3.9% increase in store traffic and 1.3% in average ticket. As was the case in 2009, the same-store sales, ticket and traffic dynamics continued to reflect the effects from the continued mix shift from physical prepaid wireless air-time cards to the sale of electronic air-time, for which only the margin is recorded, rather than the full amount of the electronic recharge.

 

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Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 15.1% to Ps. 41,220 million in 2010, below total revenue growth, compared with Ps. 35,825 million in 2009. As a result, gross profit reached Ps. 21,039 million in 2010, which represented an 18.7% increase from 2009. Gross margin expanded 0.7 percentage points to reach 33.8% of total revenues. This increase reflects a positive mix shift due to (i) the growth of higher margin categories, (ii) a more effective collaboration and execution with FEMSA Comercio’s key supplier partners combined with a more efficient use of promotion-related marketing resources, and (iii) to a lesser extent, the continued mix shift towards electronic air-time recharges as described above.

Income from Operations

Operating expenses increased 19.4% to Ps. 15,839 million in 2010 compared with Ps. 13,267 million in 2009, largely driven by the growing number of stores as well as by incremental expenses such as (i) higher utility tariffs at the store level and (ii) the strengthening of FEMSA Comercio’s organizational structure, mainly IT-related, which was deferred in 2009 in response to the challenging economic environment that prevailed in Mexico at the time.

Administrative expenses increased 23.7% to Ps. 1,186 million in 2010, compared with Ps. 959 million in 2009, however, as a percentage of sales remained stable at 1.9%.

Selling expenses increased 19.1% to Ps. 14,653 in 2010 compared with Ps. 12,308 million in 2009. Income from operations increased 16.7% to Ps. 5,200 million in 2010 compared with Ps. 4,457 million in 2009, resulting in an operating margin expansion of 10 basis points to 8.4% as a percentage of total revenues for the year, compared with 8.3% in 2009.

FEMSA Consolidated—Net Income

Other Expenses

Other expenses include employee profit sharing, which we refer to as PTU, impairment of long-lived assets, contingencies, as well as their subsequent interest and penalties, severance payments derived from restructuring programs and all other non-recurring expenses related to activities different from the main activities of the Company and that are not recognized as part of the comprehensive financing result. During 2010, other expenses contracted to Ps. 282 million from Ps. 1,877 million in 2009.

Comprehensive Financing Result

Comprehensive financing result decreased 18.0% in 2010 to Ps. 2,153 million, reflecting an improvement over the low comparison base of 2009, driven by lower interest expenses.

Income Taxes

Our accounting provision for income taxes in 2010 was Ps. 5,671 million compared to Ps. 4,959 million in 2009, resulting in an effective tax rate of 24.0% in 2010 as compared with 29.6% in 2009 as the inclusion of the participation in Heineken’s 2010 net income is shown net of taxes.

Consolidated Net Income before Discontinued Operations

Net income from continuing operations increased 52.2% to Ps. 17,961 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 11,799 million in 2009. These results were driven by the combination of (i) the inclusion of FEMSA’s 20% participation in the last eight months of Heineken’s 2010 net income, (ii) growth in income from operations, and (iii) a reduction in the other expenses line.

 

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Consolidated Net Income

Net consolidated income reached Ps. 45,290 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 15,082 million in 2009, driven by (i) the one-time Heineken transaction-related gain and (ii) a double-digit increase in FEMSA’s net income from continuing operations.

Net controlling interest amounted to Ps. 40,251 million in 2010 compared to Ps. 9,908 million in 2009. Net controlling interest in 2010 per FEMSA Unit(1) was Ps. 11.25 (US$ 9.08 per ADS).

Results from operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2008

FEMSA Consolidated

Under Mexican FRS, we reclassified our financial statements to reflect FEMSA Cerveza as a discontinued operation.

Total Revenues

FEMSA’s consolidated total revenues increased 19.8% to Ps. 160,251 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 133,808 million in 2008. Our beverage and retail businesses contributed positively to this revenue growth. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total revenues increased 23.9% to Ps. 102,767 million, driven by a 13.9% higher average price per unit case and a volume growth of 8.3%, from 2,242.8 million unit cases in 2008 to 2,428.6 million unit cases in 2009. FEMSA Comercio’s revenues increased 13.6% to Ps. 53,549 million, mainly driven by the opening of 960 net new stores combined with an average increase of 1.3% in same-store sales.

Gross Profit

Consolidated cost of sales increased 18.4% to Ps. 92,313 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 77,990 million in 2008. Approximately 80% of this increase came from Coca-Cola FEMSA as a result of cost pressures due to (i) the devaluation of local currencies in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main operations as applied to its dollar-denominated raw material costs, (ii) the higher cost of sweetener across its operations, (iii) the integration of REMIL and (iv) the third and final stage of the scheduled Coca-Cola Company concentrate price increase announced in 2006 in Mexico.

Consolidated gross profit increased 21.7% to Ps. 67,938 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 55,818 million in 2008 due to gross profit increases in our beverage and retail operations. Gross margin expanded by 0.7 percentage points, from 41.7% of consolidated total revenues in 2008 to 42.4% in 2009. Gross margin improvement at FEMSA Comercio, more than offset raw-material cost pressures at Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Income from Operations

Consolidated operating expenses increased 21.7% to Ps. 46,808 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 38,469 million in 2008. Approximately 80% of this increase resulted from additional operating expenses at Coca-Cola FEMSA due to higher labor costs and increased marketing expenses in certain of our divisions. FEMSA Comercio accounted for the balance, resulting from accelerated store expansion. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated operating expenses expanded from 28.7% in 2008 to 29.2% in 2009.

Consolidated administrative expenses increased 24.5% to Ps. 7,835 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 6,292 million in 2008. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated administrative expenses remained stable at 4.9% in

 

1 

FEMSA Units consist of FEMSA BD Units and FEMSA B Units. Each FEMSA BD Unit is comprised of one Series B share, two Series D-B shares and two Series D-L shares. Each FEMSA B Unit is comprised of five Series B shares. The number of FEMSA Units outstanding as of December 31, 2010 was 3,578,226,270, which is equivalent to the total number of FEMSA shares outstanding as of the same date, divided by five.

 

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2009 compared with 4.7% in 2008, due to operating leverage driven by higher revenues achieved in all of FEMSA’s operations.

Consolidated selling expenses increased 21.1% to Ps. 38,973 million in 2009 as compared to Ps. 32,177 million in 2008. Approximately 80% of this increase was attributable to Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Comercio represented the balance. As a percentage of total revenues, selling expenses increased 0.3 percentage points from to 24.0% in 2008 to 24.3% in 2009.

Consolidated income from operations increased 21.8% to Ps. 21,130 million in 2009 as compared to Ps. 17,349 million in 2008. This increase was driven by the results from both of our businesses. Consolidated operating margin, as a percentage of consolidated total revenues, increased 0.2 percentage points from 2008 levels, to 13.2% in 2009. Gross margin improvement at FEMSA Comercio offset raw material pressures at the beverages operations.

Some of our subsidiaries pay management fees to us in consideration for corporate services we provide to them. These fees are recorded as administrative expenses in the respective business segments. Our subsidiaries’ payments of management fees are eliminated in consolidation and, therefore, have no effect on our consolidated operating expenses.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Total Revenues

Coca-Cola FEMSA total revenues increased 23.9% to Ps. 102,767 million in 2009, compared to Ps. 82,976 million in 2008 as a result of revenue growth in all of its divisions. Organic growth across Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations contributed more than 75% of incremental revenue. The acquisition of REMIL in Brazil and Brisa in Colombia together contributed to slightly less than 15% of this growth, while a positive exchange rate translation effect resulting from the depreciation of the peso against its operations’ local currencies represented the balance.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s average price per unit case increased 13.9%, reaching Ps. 40.95 in 2009 as compared to Ps. 35.94 in 2008, reflecting higher average prices in all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories resulting from selective price increases implemented during the year across geographies.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total sales volume increased 8.3% to 2,428.6 million unit cases in 2009, compared to 2,242.8 million unit cases in 2008. Excluding the acquisitions of REMIL and Brisa, total sales volume increased 5.1% to reach 2,357.0 million unit cases. Organic volume growth resulted from increases in sparkling beverages, which accounted for approximately 45% of incremental volumes, mainly driven by the Coca-Cola brand. The still beverage category, mainly driven by the Jugos del Valle line of business in its main operations, contributed with less than 45% of the incremental volumes and the bottled water category represented the balance.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 25.2% to Ps. 54,952 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 43,895 million in 2008, as a result of cost pressures due to (i) the devaluation of local currencies in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main operations in Mexico, Colombia and Brazil, as applied to its U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs, (ii) the higher cost of sweetener across its operations, (iii) the integration of REMIL and (iv) the third and final stage of the scheduled Coca-Cola Company concentrate price increase announced in 2006 in Mexico. All of these items were partially offset by lower resin costs. Gross profit increased 22.3% to Ps. 47,815 million in 2009, as compared to 2008, driven by gross profit growth across all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s divisions, however Coca-Cola FEMSA’s gross margin decreased 0.6 percentage points to 46.5% in 2009.

Income from Operations

Operating expenses increased 26.0% to Ps. 31,980 million in 2009, mainly as a result of (i) higher labor costs in Venezuela, (ii) increased marketing investments in the Mexico division, (iii) the integration of REMIL in Brazil and (iv) increased marketing expenses in the Latincentro division, mainly due to the integration of the Brisa portfolio in Colombia and the continued expansion of the Jugos del Valle line of products in Colombia and Central America. As a percentage of sales, operating expenses increased to 31.1% in 2009 from 30.6% in 2008.

 

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Income from operations increased 15.6% to Ps. 15,835 million in 2009, as compared to Ps. 13,695 million in 2008. Increases in operating income from the Latincentro division, including Venezuela, accounted for approximately 50% of this growth, while operating income growth in the Mercosur division accounted for more than 40% of incremental operating income. Operating margin was 15.4% in 2009, a decline of 110 basis points as compared to 2008.

FEMSA Comercio

Total Revenues

FEMSA Comercio total revenues increased 13.6% to Ps. 53,549 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 47,146 million in 2008, primarily as a result of the opening of 960 net new stores during 2009, combined with an average increase of same-store sales of 1.3%. As of December 31, 2009, there were a total of 7,329 stores in Mexico and 5 stores in Colombia. FEMSA Comercio same-store sales increased an average of 1.3% compared to 2008, driven by a 3.3% increase in store traffic, which more than offset a slight reduction of 1.6% in average ticket. As was the case in 2008, the same-store sales, ticket and traffic dynamics continued to reflect the effects from the continued mix shift from physical prepaid wireless air-time cards to the sale of electronic air-time, for which only the margin is recorded, rather than the full amount of the electronic recharge. As 2009 progressed, this effect diminished.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 10.0% to Ps. 35,825 million in 2009, below total revenue growth, compared with Ps. 32,565 million in 2008. As a result, gross profit reached Ps. 17,724 million in 2009, which represented a 21.6% increase from 2008. Gross margin expanded 2.2 percentage points to reach 33.1% of total revenues. This increase reflects more effective collaboration and execution with our key supplier partners, combined with a more efficient use of promotion-related marketing resources and a positive mix shift due to the growth of higher-margin categories and, to a lesser extent, the continued shift towards electronic air-time recharges described above.

Income from Operations

Operating expenses increased 15.3% to Ps. 13,267 million in 2009 compared with Ps. 11,504 million in 2008, largely driven by the growing number of stores, and partially offset by broad expense-containment initiatives at the store level and by scale-driven efficiencies.

Administrative expenses increased 15.1% to Ps. 959 million in 2009, compared with Ps. 833 million in 2008, however, as a percentage of sales remained stable at 1.8%.

Selling expenses increased 15.3% to Ps. 12,308 in 2009 compared with Ps. 10,671 million in 2008.

Income from operations increased 44.8% to Ps. 4,457 million in 2009 compared with Ps. 3,077 million in 2008, resulting in an operating margin expansion of 1.8 percentage points to 8.3% as a percentage of total revenues for the year, compared with 6.5% in 2008. This all-time high operating margin was driven by gross margin expansion, which more than offset the increase in operating expenses.

FEMSA Consolidated—Net Income

Other Expenses

Other expenses include employee profit sharing, which we refer to as PTU, impairment of long-lived assets, contingencies, as well as their subsequent interest and penalties, severance payments derived from restructuring programs and all other non-recurring expenses related to activities different from the main activities of the Company and that are not recognized as part of the comprehensive financing result. During 2009, other expenses decreased to Ps. 1,877 million from Ps. 2,019 million in 2008.

 

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Comprehensive Financing Result

Net interest expense reached Ps. 4,011 million in 2009 compared with Ps. 3,823 million in 2008. Foreign exchange recorded a loss of Ps. 431 million in 2009 from a loss of Ps. 1,431 million in 2008, reflecting an important improvement due to the significant loss reported in 2008, driven by lower foreign exchange losses in 2009 due to the lower depreciation of local currencies in our markets against the U.S. dollar. Additionally, the monetary position represented a lower gain of Ps. 486 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 657 million in 2008, due to a lower liability monetary position in 2009 (monetary liabilities less monetary assets) and a lower inflation rate in countries in which inflationary adjustments are applied.

The market value of the ineffective portion of our derivative financial instruments reflects a shift to a gain of Ps. 124 million in 2009 from a loss of Ps. 950 million in 2008, reflecting an improvement due to the significant loss reported in 2008, driven by losses in certain derivative instruments that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes, due to mark-to-market recognition in our U.S. dollar cross-swap.

Comprehensive financing result decreased 43.9% in 2009 to Ps. 2,627 million, reflecting an important improvement due to the significant loss reported in 2008, driven by lower foreign exchange losses in 2009 due to the lower depreciation of local currencies in our markets against the U.S. dollar and a shift to gains in certain derivative instruments during the year, as mentioned above.

Taxes

Our accounting provision for income taxes in 2009 was Ps. 4,959 million compared to Ps. 3,108 resulting in an effective tax rate of 29.6% in 2009 as compared with 28.9% in 2008.

Net Income

Net income increased 62.6% to Ps. 15,082 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 9,278 million in 2008. These results were driven by (i) operating income growth during the year, (ii) a significant improvement in the comprehensive financing result driven by the factors mentioned above and (iii) an improvement in net income from discontinued operations.

Net controlling interest income amounted to Ps. 9,908 million in 2009 compared to Ps. 6,708 million in 2008, an increase of 47.7%. Net controlling interest income in 2009 per one FEMSA Share was Ps. 2.77 (US$2.12 per ADS).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Each of our sub-holding companies generally finances its operational and capital requirements on an independent basis. As of December 31, 2010, 68% of our outstanding consolidated total indebtedness was at the level of our sub-holding companies. This structure is attributable, in part, to the inclusion of third parties in the capital structure of Coca-Cola FEMSA. Currently, we expect to continue to finance our operations and capital requirements primarily at the level of our sub-holding companies. Nonetheless, we may decide to incur indebtedness at our holding company in the future to finance the operations and capital